Alkyl alkanoates, e.g., methyl propionate, are made by a gas phase process comprising the step of contacting under carbonylation conditions an alkene (e.g., ethylene), carbon monoxide, an alkanol (e.g., methanol), and a solid sulfide-based metal catalyst (e.g., iron sulfide). The alkyl alkanoate can be converted in a second step to an alkyl ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, e.g., methyl methacrylate, through condensation with an aldehyde, e.g., formaldehyde.

The present invention involves micron-scale cerium oxide particles having a multi-cores single-shell structure, comprising: a cerium oxide shell, the shell being composed of crystalline and/or amorphous nano-scale cerium oxide particles; and a plurality of nano-scale cerium oxide grain cores aggregates located in the interior of the shell. Also involved is a preparation method for the micron-scale cerium oxide particle having a multi-cores single-shell structure. A supported catalyst with the micron-scale cerium oxide particles according to the invention as the support have good hydrothermal stability and good sulfur resistance, and the active components of the supported catalyst are not easily embedded, and the supported catalyst has a great application prospect in the field of catalytic oxidation of exhaust emissions such as CO, NO or volatile organic compounds.

The present invention provides a transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst, a reactor using the transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst, and methods of making and using a transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst for reforming CH.sub.4 with CO.sub.2.

The present invention provides a transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst, a reactor using the transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst, and methods of making and using a transition metal chalcogenide photocatalyst for reforming CH.sub.4 with CO.sub.2.

This disclosure pertains to a supported noble metal catalyst containing noble metal component and a sulfur-containing component being supported on a non-noble metal doped inorganic oxide carrier and uses thereof. The catalyst may be used for the hydrogenation of an aromatic compound. The present disclosure further relates to a process for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen.

This disclosure pertains to a supported noble metal catalyst containing noble metal component and a sulfur-containing component being supported on a non-noble metal doped inorganic oxide carrier and uses thereof. The catalyst may be used for the hydrogenation of an aromatic compound. The present disclosure further relates to a process for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen.

The invention relates to the conversion of paraffinic hydrocarbon to oligomers of greater molecular weight and/or to aromatic hydrocarbon. The invention also relates to equipment and materials useful in such conversion, and to the use of such conversion for, e.g., natural gas upgrading. Corresponding olefinic hydrocarbon is produced from the paraffinic hydrocarbon in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst containing a catalytically active carbonaceous component. The corresponding olefinic hydrocarbon is then converted by oligomerization and/or dehydrocyclization in the presence of at least one molecular sieve catalyst.

The invention relates to the conversion of paraffinic hydrocarbon to oligomers of greater molecular weight and/or to aromatic hydrocarbon. The invention also relates to equipment and materials useful in such conversion, and to the use of such conversion for, e.g., natural gas upgrading. Corresponding olefinic hydrocarbon is produced from the paraffinic hydrocarbon in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst containing a catalytically active carbonaceous component. The corresponding olefinic hydrocarbon is then converted by oligomerization and/or dehydrocyclization in the presence of at least one molecular sieve catalyst.

The invention relates to the use of a supported, platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst and to a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst. The present invention further relates to a method for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons.

The invention relates to the use of a supported, platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons. The present invention also relates to a method for producing a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst and to a platinum-containing and sulfur-containing shell catalyst. The present invention further relates to a method for the partial or complete dehydrogenation of perhydrogenated or partially hydrogenated cyclic hydrocarbons.