A process of hydrotreating of a feed containing one or more hydrocarbons by contacting the feed with hydrogen in the presence of a metal sulphide catalyst obtained by sulphidation of a precursor which is in the form of a mixed oxide of formula (I) or of a mixed oxide of formula (I) bound to an inorganic binder B: Me.sub.a Ni.sub.b Mo.sub.c W.sub.d Al.sub.e O.sub.f pC (I).

The present development is a metal particle coated nanowire catalyst for use in the hydrodesulfurization of fuels and a process for the production of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises titanium(IV) oxide nanowires wherein the nanowires are produced by exposure of a TiO.sub.2KOH paste to microwave radiation. Metal particles selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten, or a combination thereof, are impregnated on the metal oxide nanowire surface. The metal impregnated nanowires are sulfided to produce catalytically-active metal particles on the surface of the nanowires The catalysts of the present invention are intended for use in the removal of thiophenic sulfur from liquid fuels through a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process in a fixed bed reactor. The presence of nanowires improves the HDS activity and reduces the sintering effect, therefore, the sulfur removal efficiency increases.

The present invention relates to an oxygen reduction catalyst, an electrode, a membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell, and the oxygen reduction catalyst is an oxygen reduction catalyst containing substituted CoS.sub.2, in which the substituted CoS.sub.2 has a cubic crystal structure, the oxygen reduction catalyst contains the substituted CoS.sub.2 within 0.83 nm from the surface thereof, and the substituted CoS.sub.2 has at least one substitutional atom selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo, Mn, Tc, Re, Rh, Cu, and Ag in some of Co atom sites.

A metal compound-graphene oxide composite that can be used for manufacture of hydrogen. A composite has graphene oxide and at least one metal compound selected from cobalt compounds, nickel compounds, and molybdenum compounds. If the metal compound includes a cobalt compound or a nickel compound, in the infrared absorption spectrum of the complex, absorption derived from CO groups is present and absorptions derived from OH groups and CO groups and absorption derived from bonds between graphene oxide and cobalt or nickel via oxygen atoms are essentially absent. If the metal compound is a molybdenum compound, in the infrared absorption spectrum of the complex, absorptions derived from CO groups, OH groups, and CO groups, and absorption derived from bonds between graphene oxide and cobalt or nickel via oxygen atoms, are all essentially absent.

Catalytic water treatment is provided using an active material driven with an optical and/or electrical excitation. The active material is MoS.sub.2, MoSe.sub.2, WS.sub.2, WSe.sub.2, Mo.sub.xW.sub.1-xS.sub.2, Mo.sub.xW.sub.1-xSe.sub.2, MoS.sub.ySe.sub.2-y, WS.sub.ySe.sub.2-y, or Mo.sub.xW.sub.1-xS.sub.ySe.sub.2-y; wherein 0<x<1 and 0<y<2. The active material is configured as one or more layered nanostructures having exposed layer edges. A metal catalyst is disposed on the active material. The combined structure of active material and metal catalyst is disposed in the water to be treated. The excitation is provided to the active material to generate one or more reactive oxygen species by dissociation of water, wherein the reactive oxygen species provide water treatment.

The present disclosure relates to a composition that includes, in order: a first layer that includes MA.sub.w; a second layer that includes MO.sub.yA.sub.z; and a third layer that includes MO.sub.x, where M includes a transition metal, A includes at least one of sulfur, selenium, and/or tellurium, w is between greater than zero and less than or equal to five, x is between greater than zero and less than or equal to five, y is between greater than zero and less than or equal to five, and z is between greater than zero and less than or equal to five. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the transition metal may include at least one of molybdenum and/or tungsten. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, A may be sulfur.

The present disclosure relates to a method including subjecting an organic stream comprising at least one oxygenate to hydrotreatment, whereby a hydrotreatment product comprising ethylbenzene is produced, wherein the organic stream is a product of a process for the production of propylene oxide; and separating an ethylbenzene product stream from the hydrotreatment product, to yield a residual stream.

An industrial furnace and a method for roasting or regenerating spent petroleum catalysts. The furnace particularly includes a device to set the catalysts in motion along the bottom of the furnace to cause the catalysts to circulate from the inlet towards the outlet of the furnace; a first zone decarbonizing the spent catalysts to obtain decarbonized catalysts, followed by: a second zone including a plurality of oxygen feed devices distributed along the length of the second zone and placing the decarbonized catalysts in contact with the oxygen feed, the second zone desulfurizing the decarbonized catalysts to obtain roasted or regenerated catalysts.

An industrial furnace and a method for roasting or regenerating spent petroleum catalysts. The furnace particularly includes a device to set the catalysts in motion along the bottom of the furnace to cause the catalysts to circulate from the inlet towards the outlet of the furnace; a first zone decarbonizing the spent catalysts to obtain decarbonized catalysts, followed by: a second zone including a plurality of oxygen feed devices distributed along the length of the second zone and placing the decarbonized catalysts in contact with the oxygen feed, the second zone desulfurizing the decarbonized catalysts to obtain roasted or regenerated catalysts.

A hydroprocessing catalyst or catalyst precursor has been developed. The catalyst is a transition metal molybdotungstate material or metal sulfides derived therefrom. The hydroprocessing using the transition metal molybdotungstate material may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.