The present disclosure relates to a catalyst composition for the oligomerization of ethylene comprising a zirconium-containing catalyst and an organoaluminum-containing co-catalyst. The disclosure also relates to a process for oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of the catalyst composition according to the disclosure. The disclosed process results in C.sub.4-C.sub.20 linear alpha olefins having improved linearity.

A method of preparing a catalyst comprising a) contacting a titanium-containing compound, a solvating agent, and a solvent to form a solution; b) contacting the solution with a chrominated silica-support to form a pre-catalyst; and c) thermally treating the pre-catalyst by heating to a temperature of from about 400 C. to about 1000 C. for a time period of from about 1 minute to about 24 hours to form the catalyst.

A catalyst for catalyzing transesterification of esters or esterification of fatty acids, the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) glycerolate, cobalt (II) glycerolate, iron (II) glycerolate, and any combination thereof. A method for transesterification reaction, includes: a) providing a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of manganese (II) glycerolate, cobalt (II) glycerolate, iron (II) glycerolate, and any combination thereof; b) adding the catalyst, one or more alcohols, and a composition comprising one or more esters to a reactor to form a reaction mixture; and c) stirring while heating the reaction mixture for reaction to form transesterification products.

A process for the transesterification of methyl-2-ethylhexanoate with triethylene glycol to produce triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate is provided. In the process, methyl-2-ethylhexanoate is combined with triethylene glycol to form a first mixture. The first mixture is heated in the presence of a catalyst to form a second mixture comprising methanol and triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate. Methanol is separated from the second mixture to yield triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate. Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, Cs.sub.2CO.sub.3, K.sub.2CO.sub.3, Rb.sub.2CO.sub.3, sodium methoxide or titanium isopropoxide are suitable catalysts.

A catalyst composition for the polymerization of propylene is provided. The catalyst composition includes one or more Ziegler-Natta procatalyst compositions having one or more transition metal compounds and one or more esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acid internal electron donors, one or more aluminum containing cocatalysts and a selectivity control agent (SCA). The SCA is a mixture of an activity limiting agent and a silane composition. The catalyst composition has a molar ratio of aluminum to total SCA from 0.5:1 to 4:1. This aluminum/SCA ratio improves polymerization productivity and the polymer production rate. The catalyst composition is self-extinguishing.

A method can prepare a carboxylic ester. The method includes reacting an aldehyde in the presence of an aluminium alkoxide applied to a support material.

Provided is a novel method for producing amide compounds at high stereochemical selectivities. The method according to the present invention for producing amide compounds is provided with an amidation step for reacting, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal compound, an amino compound with an aminoester compound represented by general formula (1) to amidate the ester group in the aminoester compound.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate, including: transesterifying an acrylate-based compound with a biphenyl alcohol compound in the absence of a solvent and in the presence of a catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor to prepare the o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate represented by the following formula (II),

##STR00001##

wherein the catalyst is a compound containing a tin element or a titanium element. According to the method of the present disclosure, the o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate having transparency and high refractive index can be obtained. Moreover, the method of the present disclosure has the characteristics of high conversion rate and high selectivity, and does not need to add other organic solvents, so that many purification processes can be saved, and the production cost is effectively reduced, which has the value of industrial application.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate, including: transesterifying an acrylate-based compound with a biphenyl alcohol compound in the absence of a solvent and in the presence of a catalyst and a polymerization inhibitor to prepare the o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate represented by the following formula (II), ##STR00001##
wherein the catalyst is a compound containing a tin element or a titanium element. According to the method of the present disclosure, the o-phenyl phenoxyalkyl acrylate having transparency and high refractive index can be obtained. Moreover, the method of the present disclosure has the characteristics of high conversion rate and high selectivity, and does not need to add other organic solvents, so that many purification processes can be saved, and the production cost is effectively reduced, which has the value of industrial application.

The present disclosure relates to a catalyst composition for the oligomerization of ethylene comprising a zirconium-containing catalyst and an organoaluminum-containing co-catalyst. The disclosure also relates to a process for oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of the catalyst composition according to the disclosure. The disclosed process results in C4-C2o linear alpha olefins having improved linearity.