A supported catalyst for aldehyde coupling reaction, comprising a carrier having supported thereon a catalyst comprising at least one azolium compound selected from the group consisting of a thiazolium salt, an imidazolium salt, a benzimidazolium salt and a triazolium salt, the azolium compound having, at a nitrogen atom thereof, a substituent selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic group having 6 or more carbon atoms and an aromatic group having 6 or more carbon atoms.

The present invention relates to supported metal catalysts, wherein the catalysts are modified by at least one amine, a method for the preparation thereof and hydrogenation processes utilising the supported metal catalysts.

A composition having a substantial or material absence of or no phosphorous and comprising a support material, a metal compound and either a hydrocarbon oil or a polar additive or a combination of both a hydrocarbon oil and polar additive. The polar additive has particularly defined properties including having a dipole moment of at least 0.45. The composition is useful in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks, and it is especially useful in the hydrotreating of vacuum gas oils and petroleum resid feedstocks.

A method of making a hydroprocessing catalyst composition that includes impregnating a support material with metals and an organic acid compound followed by a controlled drying of the impregnated support and incorporation thereafter of a polar additive into the dried, impregnated support. The hydroprocessing catalyst is made by this method.

Provided is a method for producing a cyclic carbonate obtained by reacting epoxide and carbon dioxide in the presence of a quaternary onium salt as a counter ion or a quaternary phosphonium salt having a halogenated anion as a counter ion, or in the presence of a solid catalyst obtained by immobilizing the quaternary onium salt onto a carrier, wherein an organohalogen compound containing at least one halogen atom in one molecule is added to the reaction system.

Catalysts and methods for making cyclic carbonates are disclosed. The catalyst may include at least one polymer quaternary ammonium salt, at least one metal halide and silica gel. The method of making the cyclic carbonates may include forming a mixture that includes the catalyst and an epoxide, and contacting the mixture with carbon dioxide in a reactor under conditions to form the propylene carbonate.

A composition that comprises a support material that is loaded with an active metal or metal precursor, an amine component, and a non-amine containing polar additive. The composition is useful in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The composition is prepared by incorporating a metal solution into a support material followed by incorporating therein an amine component and a non-amine containing polar additive.

Provided is a method for continuously producing a cyclic carbonate, by which generation of a glycol in a reaction for synthesizing a cyclic carbonate is suppressed, and a cyclic carbonate having a high purity can be efficiently obtained even by simple purification. A method for continuously producing a cyclic carbonate, including filling a catalyst in a fixed-bed tube reactor, and continuously feeding carbon dioxide and an epoxide to the fixed-bed tube reactor to thereby bringing the carbon dioxide and the epoxide into contact with the catalyst, while continuously withdrawing the reaction liquid in the fixed-bed tube reactor, wherein the method includes a pre-treatment step in which a pre-treatment liquid containing a cyclic carbonate is brought into contact with the catalyst before feeding the carbon dioxide and the epoxide to the fixed-bed tube reactor, and the generated glycol is removed out of the system.