Embodiments described herein relate to tertiary pnictogenium-borane catalyst complexes for the polymerization of one or more epoxides and one or more of CO.sub.2, COS, and CS.sub.2. The catalysts can also polymerize cyclic monomers such as lactones and lactide.

The present invention relates to a process for the functionalization of a rubber polymer comprising reacting the rubber polymer with at least one source of nitrene or carbene, in the presence of a catalyst of formula Tp.sup.xAg, wherein Tp.sup.x represents a hydrotris(pyrazolyl)borate ligand. This process leads to selective rubber functionalization without secondary reactions such as chain scission or cross linking and produces functionalized rubbers with improved compatibilization properties. The invention also refers to the polymer produced therefrom and to uses of said polymer.

Provided herein are compositions, devices, and methods including nanofiber compositions comprising a polymer and nanoparticles including one or more of nickel, cobalt, silver, and tetraphenylborate, wherein the compositions are capable of binding targets in the blood related to blood disorders symptomatic of kidney disease and/or failure.

Provided are a ligand compound having Formula 1, which exhibits high catalytic activity while exhibiting high 1-hexene and 1-octene selectivity, thereby allowing ethylene oligomerization to be achieved with excellent efficiency, an organic chromium compound, a catalyst composition including the organic chromium compound, and a method for oligomerizing ethylene by using the same;

##STR00001## wherein all the variables are described herein.

A method for preparing cyano sulfonyl fluoride compounds is provided. Oxime ether compounds are used as free radical precursors, and under the condition of photocatalyst regulation, and in combination with the strategy of free radical sulfur dioxide insertion, the process involves photocatalytic oxidation, CC bond cleavage rings, free radical SO.sub.2 insertion and fluorination to achieve cyano/fluorosulfonyl reaction of oxime ether, yielding cyano sulfonyl fluoride products.