The present disclosure provides a method and a catalyst for selective oligomerization of ethylene. The raw material for the catalyst consists of a dehydropyridine annulene-type ligand, a transition metal compound, and an organometallic compound in a molar ratio of 1:0.5-100:0.1-5000. The present disclosure also provides a method for selective oligomerization of ethylene accomplished by using the above-mentioned catalyst. The catalyst for selective oligomerization of ethylene has high catalytic activity, high selectivity for the target products 1-hexene and 1-octene, and low selectivity for 1-butene and 1-C.sub.10.sup.+.

Subject-matter of the invention is a hydrosilylatable mixture M comprising compound (C), which contains at least one carbocationic structure, and compound (A), which has at least one directly Si-bonded hydrogen atom and compound (B), which contains at least one carbon-carbon multiple bond, or compound (AB), where between the SiH group and the nearest adjacent carbon atom of the carbon-carbon multiple bond there are at least 6 atoms, or compound (A) and compound (AB) or compound (B) and compound (AB), where the compounds (A), (B) and (AB) are defined in claim 1.

The present invention relates to a catalytic process for the partial reduction of esters or lactones to silyl acetals, which upon hydrolysis give aldehydes, using silanes as reducing agents, preferably triethylsilane (TESH) or 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDS), in the presence of novel triaryl borane type catalysts. More specifically, the present invention relates to novel triaryl borane type catalyst compounds of formula (I) which can be applied for the partial reduction of an ester or lactone to a silyl acetal. In the formula R.sub.1, R.sub.1, R.sub.5, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are groups having small steric demand and R10 is a group having large steric demand. The invention also relates to N a method for the preparation of aldehydes or lactols wherein said method comprises the following steps: i) an ester or lactone is reacted with a silane in the presence of a compound of formula (I) to obtain a silyl acetal; ii) the obtained silyl acetal is hydrolysed with acidic or fluoride containing reagent to form an aldehyde or lactol; iii) optionally, the resulting aldehyde or lactol is separated and purified.

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Provided are a chromium catalyst precursor, an ethylene oligomerization catalyst including the same, and a method of preparing an ethylene oligomer using the same. More particularly, a chromium catalyst precursor which may oligomerize ethylene with high activity and high selectivity in spite of not using methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified-methylaluminoxane (MMAO), an oligomerization catalyst including the same, and a method of preparing an ethylene oligomer using the same are provided.

The synthesis and structure of beta-diketiminate manganese compounds are described, as well as their use as catalysts for the hydrosilylation and hydroboration of unsaturated organic compounds and main group element-main group element bond formation via dehydrogenative coupling.

Methods of making polyisobutylene and catalyst systems are described. Polyisobutylene compositions and catalyst system compositions are also described. In some embodiments, a method of making a catalyst system includes: providing a support material; calcining the support material; and forming a catalyst system by adding to the support material (a) a mixture comprising BF.sub.3, (b) a mixture comprising BF.sub.3 and a complexing agent, or (c) both. In some embodiments, a method of making a polymer composition includes providing a catalyst system comprising: (a) a support material selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2/Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and combinations thereof; and (b) BF.sub.3; providing a feedstock comprising isobutylene; forming a reaction mixture comprising the feedstock and the catalyst system; contacting the isobutylene with the catalyst system; and obtaining a polymer composition.

A method of making an organoaminosilane compound, comprising i) combining A) a compound comprising a primary or secondary amine, B) monosilane (SiH.sub.4), and C) a catalyst, where the catalyst comprises magnesium or boron, where A), B) and C) are combined under sufficient conditions to form the organoaminosilane compound and hydrogen. A method of making a silylamine, the method comprising: i) forming an organoaminosilane compound by i) combining A) a compound comprising a primary or secondary amine, B) monosilane (SiH.sub.4), and C) a catalyst, where the catalyst comprises magnesium or boron, and ii) combining ammonia and the organoaminosilane compound produced in i) under sufficient conditions to form a silylamine product and a byproduct, where the byproduct is a primary or secondary amine.

A compound by the name 1,1,1-tris(di(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)phosphino-methyl)ethane. The compound can be represented by the structure of formula (I):

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The compound is useful as a ligand for ruthenium to form an organometallic complex. The complex is an active catalyst for the hydrogenolysis of amides to form amines and optionally alcohols.

Organometallic complexes are described which are useful as pre-polymerization catalysts which may form part of olefin polymerization catalyst systems. The catalyst systems find use in the polymerization of ethylene, optionally with one or more C.sub.3-12 alpha-olefin comonomers. The organometallic complexes are broadly represented by formula I:

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wherein L is a bridging group containing a contiguous chain of atoms connecting P with Cy, wherein the contiguous chain contains 2 or 3 atoms and wherein Cy is a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand. The olefin polymerization catalyst system is effective at polymerizing ethylene with alpha-olefins in a solution phase polymerization process at high temperatures and produces ethylene copolymers with high molecular weight and high degrees of alpha-olefin incorporation. Pre-metallation compounds, metallation processes and synthetic methods to make the organometallic complexes as well as polymerization processes are also described.

A two-dimensional hydrogen boride-containing sheet of the present invention has a two-dimensional network that consists of (HB).sub.n (n4).