A method for making metal organic frameworks (MOFs) includes the step of dissolving metal salts in deionized water to form first solution, followed by adding a cyclic propyl phosphonic anhydride reagent to the first solution to form a second solution. The second solution is heated to form a reaction mixture containing MOF crystals, and is then cooled. The MOF crystals are filtered therefrom, washed and dried. To make metal organic framework-based thin film nanocomposite membranes, the MOF crystals are mixed with an m-phenylene diamine aqueous solution to form a mixture, which is then poured on a top surface of an ultrafiltration membrane substrate to form a first intermediate membrane structure. The first intermediate membrane structure is dried, and trimesolyl chloride in n-hexane solution is poured thereon to form a second intermediate membrane structure, which is cured to form an MOF-based thin film nanocomposite membrane, which is then rinsed and dried.

Bisphosphites having at least one unsymmetric outer biphenol unit are useful for the hydroformylation of an olefin.

A hydroformylation process wherein the hydrolyzable organophosphorous ligand component of the catalyst is supplied as a stabilized ligand composition comprising a hydrolyzable organophosphorous ligand and, per 100 moles compound, from 0.05 to 13 acid-neutralizing equivalents of an acid scavenger.

The catalytic preparation of an aldehyde from an olefin proceeds in the presence of a monophosphite mixture.

The present invention provides a process for preparing aldehydes from C2 to C20 olefins using a subsequent membrane separation to separate the homogeneously dissolved catalyst system, wherein prior to the membrane separation a gas exchange that increases the partial pressure fraction of carbon monoxide or hydrogen is carried out in order to boost catalyst retention by the membrane.

A hydroformylation method including preparing an aldehyde by reacting a raw-C5 feed with a synthetic gas in the presence of a catalyst composition.

The purification method of an aldehyde compound of the present invention includes a step of neutralizing a reaction solution containing an aldehyde compound by adding water and a base compound to the reaction solution, and a step of distilling the neutralized reaction solution, in which the reaction solution is obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following Formula (a1) or (a2) with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a metal compound of groups 8 to 10 and a phosphorus compound, the phosphorus compound is represented by Formula (R.sup.1O).sub.3P, and the base compound is at least one kind selected from among carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group I on the periodic table and carbonate and hydrogen carbonate of metals of group II on the periodic table. ##STR00001##

A catalyst system includes a transition metal salt containing a halo group, an acetate group, or a combination thereof, and an organic phosphine ligand. The molar ratio of the organic phosphine ligand to the transition metal salt is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 50.

The present invention provides a process for preparing aldehydes from C2 to C20 olefins using a subsequent membrane separation to separate the homogeneously dissolved catalyst system, wherein prior to the membrane separation a gas exchange that increases the partial pressure fraction of carbon monoxide or hydrogen is carried out in order to boost catalyst retention by the membrane.

A process for producing isomerized olefins, branched aldehydes, branched alcohols, branched surfactants and other branched derivatives through isomerization, hydroformylation, hydrogenation, surfactant forming reactions and other derivative forming reactions.