A process for producing methanol includes combining a hydrogenation catalyst, hydrogen, and CO.sub.2 with a condensed phase solution comprising an amine under conditions effective to form methanol and water. A process for coproduction of methanol and a glycol includes combining an epoxide, a hydrogenation catalyst, hydrogen, and CO.sub.2 with a condensed phase solution comprising an amine under conditions effective to form methanol and a glycol.

Provided is a method for preparing an alkynyl pyridine prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor. In particular, the method involved uses 3-substituted-5-bromopyridine-2-carboxylic acid protected by different protection groups as raw materials, and by means of condensation, Sonogashira coupling and deprotection, the target compound is obtained. The process reaction conditions are simple, and have no harsh reaction conditions, strong operability, and stable amplification.

Described herein are catalytic hydrogenation processes, using Ru complexes with tetradentate ligands of formula L in hydrogenation processes for the reduction of ketone, aldehyde, ester, or lactone into the corresponding alcohol or diol respectively. These processes use a ruthenium complex of formula (1) as defined herein.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a deuterated ethanol from an acetic acid, an acetate, or an amide by reaction with D.sub.2 in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

A process for producing methanol includes combining a hydrogenation catalyst, hydrogen, and CO.sub.2 with a condensed phase solution comprising an amine under conditions effective to form methanol and water. A process for coproduction of methanol and a glycol includes combining an epoxide, a hydrogenation catalyst, hydrogen, and CO.sub.2 with a condensed phase solution comprising an amine under conditions effective to form methanol and a glycol.

Provided is a one-pot process for preparing propionic acid, which comprises (i) treating ethylene with a C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkanol, water, and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst system comprising the reaction product of (a) a Group 8 to 10 transition metal compound such as a palladium or ruthenium compound; and (b) an activating anion, at elevated temperature and pressure. The process also provides a facile, continuous process for the preparation of propionic acid via the alkoxycarbonylation of ethylene at elevated temperature and pressure followed by hydrolysis, in one reaction vessel.

Methods for preparing the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitor compound 2-{3-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-[5-((S)-2-methyl-4-oxetan-3-yl-piperazin-1-yl)-pyridin-2-ylamino]-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4]bipyridinyl-2-yl}-7,7-dimethyl-3,4,7,8-tetrahydro-2H,6H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1-one are provided. Methods for preparing tricyclic lactam compounds are also provided.

The present invention relates to a catalyst system comprising a transition metal compound on a solid carrier which is a surface-reacted calcium carbonate. The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing said catalyst system and to its use in heterogeneous catalysis.

Described herein are catalytic hydrogenation processes, using Ru complexes with tetradentate ligands of formula L in hydrogenation processes for the reduction of ketone, aldehyde, ester, or lactone into the corresponding alcohol or diol respectively. These processes use a ruthenium complex of formula (1) as defined herein.

Provided are a fouling inhibitor and a method of oligomerizing an olefin using the same. More particularly, in the method of oligomerizing an olefin, it is possible to minimize a total amount of polymers produced during a reaction and basically inhibit fouling of the polymers produced during the reaction onto an inner wall of a reactor by injecting a predetermined fouling inhibitor.