A hydrogen production device is provided. The device comprises: a dry reforming reaction unit for directly reacting methane and carbon dioxide in biogas to produce a synthesis gas containing hydrogen; and a gas shift unit for reacting carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas produced in the dry reforming reaction unit with water vapor to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and for capturing the produced carbon dioxide.

Thermoneutral systems and methods for producing carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) are disclosed. The systems can include a first reaction zone and a second reaction zone, where heat generated in the first reaction zone is sufficient to drive a carbon dioxide gas (CO.sub.2(g)) and elemental sulfur gas (S(g)) reaction to produce a product stream that includes CO(g) and SO.sub.2(g).

Methods and catalysts for producing ethylene and methanol from natural gas are presented. Methods include integration of oxidative conversion of methane to ethane, ethane in situ thermal cracking using the thermal heat generated thereby and direct hydrogenation of byproducts to methanol or oxidative CO.sub.2 autothermal reforming of methane to syngas.

Process for producing a chemical product, comprising subjecting hydrocarbon feed and further reforming reactant to an endothermal reaction whereby a primary reformate is formed, in a primary fired heat-recuperating reformer reaction unit, comprising a catalyst zone and a primary reformate passage way arranged to transfer heat from said reformate to said catalyst zone; optionally subjecting the primary reformate to a secondary reforming reaction, thereby forming a secondary reformate; and using primary reformate or second reformate as a heat exchange medium to supply reaction heat to an endothermal reaction, which endothermal reaction is carried out in a parallel heat-exchanger reactor.

The present technology relates to a heat exchange reactor (HER) system comprising a first gas feed and a heat exchange reactor, HER. The HER has two reaction zones; a first reaction zone (I) arranged to carry out an overall exothermic reaction of the first gas feed, and a second reaction zone (II) arranged to carry out an overall endothermic reaction of gas from said first reaction zone (I).

A method of reacting phosgene with a second compound containing one or more of hydroxyl, thil, amino and/or formamide groups, wherein phosgene has a GHS hazard identification of GHS06 and is obtainable from the reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine and wherein the second compound is capable of a chemical reaction with phosgene is provided.

Disclosed is a hydrocarbon conversion process in which an alkane component is catalytically converted in the presence of an oxygen or oxidizing component (i.e., oxidant). The hydrocarbon conversion process can be an oxidative coupling reaction, which refers to the catalytic conversion of alkane in the presence of oxidant to produce an olefin product, i.e., a composition containing C.sub.2+ olefin. Reverse-flow reactors can be used to carry out the oxidative coupling reaction.

A method for producing hydrogen by thermochemical splitting of water includes injecting one or more feed streams of water into a reaction chamber. The method further includes using a molten salt heated by a subterranean heat source to carry out the thermochemical splitting of water to form hydrogen and oxygen in the reaction chamber. The formed products are subsequently removed from the reaction chamber. Hydrogen formed in the reaction chamber may be used in a downstream process to generate hydrocarbons.

In one aspect, the invention includes a reactor apparatus for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, the apparatus including: a reactor component comprising a refractory material in oxide form, the refractory material having a melting point of at least 2060 C. and which remains in oxide form when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10.sup.15 bar, a carbon partial pressure above the carbon partial pressure of the zirconium carbide and zirconium oxide phase transition at the same temperature, and at temperatures below the temperature of the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10.sup.15 bar; and ii) when exposed to a gas having an oxygen partial pressure of 10.sup.15 bar and at temperatures above the zirconium triple point at the oxygen partial pressure of 10.sup.15 bar. In some embodiments, the reactor comprises a regenerative pyrolysis reactor apparatus and in other embodiments it includes a reverse flow regenerative reactor apparatus. In other aspects, this invention includes a method for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock using a pyrolysis reactor system comprising the step of providing in a heated region of a pyrolysis reactor system for pyrolyzing a hydrocarbon feedstock, apparatus comprising the above refractory material.

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C.sub.2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C.sub.2+ compounds.