The hydroprocessing reactor internals (HRI) have reduced height compared to standard HRI designs. In this design, HRI height reduction is achieved by placing a mixing chamber above the collection tray. A ring quench distributor is located around the fluid collection tray between the mixing chamber and reactor shell to eliminate the vertical space occupied by the distributor. The hydroprocessing reactor quench zone internals comprise a collection tray, a mixing chamber, a ring distributor, a rough liquid distribution tray, and a vapor-liquid distribution tray. Fluid mixing occurs in the mixing chamber and above the rough liquid distribution tray.

Heterogeneous catalytic reactors and methods of their use. The reactors include heat transfer features that help establish a temperature gradient along an axial length of the reactors during use. The inventive reactors also include two or more different species of catalyst materials that are arranged within the reactors such that a given species of catalyst material is positioned at a temperature that will provide for improved or optimal catalytic performance.

The present invention relates to multi-bed catalytic reactor with a cylindrical shape comprising a mixing device mounted between two catalyst beds in the reactor, said mixing device has a circular outer rim which corresponds to the inner wall of the reactor, the mixing device comprises; collecting means disposed in a collecting section for collecting fluid from an upstream catalytic bed, mixing means disposed in a mixing section for mixing the collected fluid comprising guide vanes and guide ramps, and discharging means disposed in a discharging section for discharging the mixed fluid to a down-stream catalytic bed; wherein the collecting section, the mixing section and the discharging section are disposed outside the center of the circular cross-section of the reactor, as well as associated methods for mixing and the use of such a mixing device in catalytic reactors.

In an aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for the oxidative coupling of methane to generate hydrocarbon compounds containing at least two carbon atoms (C.sub.2+ compounds). The method can include mixing a first gas stream comprising methane with a second gas stream comprising oxygen to form a third gas stream comprising methane and oxygen and performing an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reaction using the third gas stream to produce a product stream comprising one or more C.sub.2+ compounds.

The invention relates to a cover system (5) for a solid particle lining (3) comprising an articulated structure (11) and an annular casing (13) covering the articulated structure (11), the casing (13) being formed by metal plates (16, 17) sealingly mounted so as to be movable relative to each other, the articulated structure (11) having metal skirts (31) forming articulated concentric circles (33) for supporting the plates (16, 17) of the casing (13) and adapting to the deformations of the lining (3), and metal elements (35) forming articulated spacers (37) making it possible to maintain a spacing between the articulated concentric circles (33) and to adapt to the deformations of the lining (3).

A contacting device and method are presented for the collection, contacting, and distribution of fluids between particulate beds of a downflow vessel, which may operate in co-current flow. By one approach, the contacting device includes a liquid collection tray, a mixing channel in fluid communication with the liquid collection tray, and a liquid distribution zone.

Various aspects provide for a multistage fluidized bed reactor, particularly comprising a volatilization stage and a combustion stage. The gas phases above the bed solids in the respective stages are separated by a wall. An opening (e.g., in the wall) provides for transport of the bed solids from the volatilization stage to the combustion stage. Active control of the gas pressure in the two stages may be used to control residence time. Various aspects provide for a fuel stream processing system having a pretreatment reactor, a combustion reactor, and optionally a condensation reactor. The condensation reactor receives a volatiles stream volatilized by the volatilization reactor. The combustion reactor receives a char stream resulting from the removal of the volatiles by the volatilization reactor.

A reaction apparatus comprising at least one tubular reaction unit (23), a container (41) configured to accommodate the tubular reaction unit (23) and a temperature control medium (51) used in heat exchange with the tubular reaction unit (23), and a nozzle (31) configured to eject the temperature control medium (51) toward the tubular reaction unit (23) in the container. The reaction apparatus further comprising a movable part (34) configured to adjust an ejection direction of the nozzle (31) is preferred. The reaction apparatus allows for effectively performing the temperature control even when the tubular reaction unit is immersed in a temperature control medium.

The present invention provides a catalytic cracking reactor comprising a conduit, configured to allow the passage of a flow of catalyst particles, and an injection zone comprising a ring of feed injectors extending inwardly from the wall of reactor and angled to inject feed into the flow of catalyst particles, characterised in that the reactor also comprises a contacting device protruding into the reactor from the inner wall of said reactor upstream of the injection zone.

A liquid-solid axial moving bed reaction and regeneration apparatus and a solid acid alkylation process by using the liquid-solid axial moving bed reaction and regeneration apparatus. the liquid-solid axial moving bed reaction and regeneration apparatus comprise: An axial moving bed reactor (1), a spent catalyst receiver (5), a catalyst regenerator (4) and a regenerated catalyst receiver (6) that are successively connected, wherein, a catalyst outlet of the regenerated catalyst receiver (6) is communicated with a catalyst inlet of the axial moving bed reactor (1); Wherein, the axial moving bed reactor (1) is provided with at least two catalyst beds (3) arranged up and down, the axial moving bed reactor (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2) above each catalyst bed (3); A catalyst delivery pipe (16) is arranged between two adjacent catalyst beds (3) so that the catalyst can move from top to bottom in the axial moving bed reactor (1); A separation component (10) is provided between two adjacent catalyst beds (3), the inside space of the separation component (10) is communicated with the catalyst delivery pipe (16), the separation component (10) is for separating the stream after the reaction in the upstream catalyst bed from the catalyst, the catalyst obtained by the separation with the separation component (10) moves down through the catalyst delivery pipe (16).