A reactor for accommodating high contaminant feedstocks includes a reactor vessel having an inlet for introducing a feedstock containing contaminants into an interior of the reactor vessel. A basket is located within the reactor vessel interior and contains a particulate material for removing contaminants from the feedstock to form a purified feedstock that is discharged to a purified feedstock outlet. A catalyst is located within the reactor vessel and in fluid communication with the purified feedstock outlet of the basket for contacting the purified feedstock to form a desired product.

Integrated systems are provided for the production of higher hydrocarbon compositions, for example liquid hydrocarbon compositions, from methane using an oxidative coupling of methane system to convert methane to ethylene, followed by conversion of ethylene to selectable higher hydrocarbon products. Integrated systems and processes are provided that process methane through to these higher hydrocarbon products.

An apparatus and method for the dry separation of bulk particulate material, especially coarse particles, is provided. The apparatus comprises a chamber, a screen adjacent the chamber and a fluidising device fluidly connected to the chamber. The screen has a screen surface, a plurality of apertures and an opening larger in size than the aperture. A mixture of the coarse particles and a fine particulate medium is fed into the chamber. The fluidising device directs a fluidising fluid to fluidise a fine particulate medium and create a fluidised bed directed towards the screen. The fine particulate medium and the coarse particles pass from the chamber through the openings. The fine particulate medium passes back through the apertures to the chamber. Relatively high density coarse particles also pass back through the openings to the chamber. Relatively low density coarse particles are retained on the screen surface. Vibrations may also be used.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for producing olefins via an oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) process. The systems and methods may comprise the use of a staged process comprising at least one non-adiabatic section that is in thermal communication with a heat transfer medium and at least one substantially adiabatic section. The systems and methods may also comprise the use of a diluent stream which may improve methane conversion in an OCM reactor and an ethylene/ethane ratio in a post-bed cracking unit. The methods and systems may further comprise injecting oxygen (O.sub.2) and a paraffin into a gas stream containing a radical transfer agent to provide a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture may be held in a vessel for a time period greater than an auto-ignition delay time (AIDT), such that the reaction mixture may ignite to liberate heat and convert to a product mixture comprising olefins.

A multi-stage process for the production of an ISO8217 compliant Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil from ISO 8217 compliant Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil involving a core process under reactive conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels, wherein one or more of the reaction vessels contains one or more catalysts in the form of a structured catalyst bed and is operated under reactive distillation conditions. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a sulfur level has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) between the range of 0.05 mass % to 1.0 mass. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed.

A dehydrogenation system includes a plurality of dehydrogenation reactors valved to operate in alternating dehydrogenation modes and regeneration modes in a timed sequence in a system cycle by way of the plurality of valves; a digital programmable controller connected to the plurality of valves for sequencing the reactors; and means for determining the productivity characteristics of each reactor over a system cycle. The digital controller is operable to re-sequence the reactors to reduce either peak productivity or productivity deltas over an initial system cycle. After resequencing, production may be increased with the more uniform productivity profile of the re-sequenced system without exceeding system limits, such as compressor operating limits.

The invention relates to a catalyst and catalyst layer and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas or methanol as well as the use of the catalyst or catalyst layer in this process.

The present disclosure relates generally to methods and systems for achieving enhanced catalytic performance via the strategic arrangement of multiple catalyst beds in series, where each catalyst bed comprises a compositionally-distinct catalyst, and each catalyst facilitates the conversion of the same structural moieties on the reactant to form the same product. Arranging multiple catalyst beds according to the methods and systems disclosed herein allows a predictable enhancement of conversion of the reactant to product without the need for time-consuming experimentation to test all possible catalysts configurations.

A bi-modal radial flow reactor comprising: a cylindrical outer housing surrounding at least five cylindrical, concentric zones, including at least three annulus vapor zones including an outer annulus vapor zone, a middle annulus vapor zone, and a central annulus vapor zone, and at least two catalyst zones, including an outer catalyst zone and an inner catalyst zone, wherein the outer catalyst zone is intercalated with the outer annulus vapor zone and the middle annulus vapor zone, and wherein the inner catalyst zone is intercalated with the middle annulus vapor zone and the central annulus vapor zone; and a manifold configured to introduce a feed vertically into a bottom end of each of one or two of the at least three annulus vapor zones, and remove a product from a bottom end of each of the one or two remaining of the at least three annulus vapor zones.

The invention relates to a cover system (5) for a solid particle lining (3) comprising an articulated structure (11) and an annular casing (13) covering the articulated structure (11), the casing (13) being formed by metal plates (16, 17) sealingly mounted so as to be movable relative to each other, the articulated structure (11) having metal skirts (31) forming articulated concentric circles (33) for supporting the plates (16, 17) of the casing (13) and adapting to the deformations of the lining (3), and metal elements (35) forming articulated spacers (37) making it possible to maintain a spacing between the articulated concentric circles (33) and to adapt to the deformations of the lining (3).