Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.

A process for reducing coke formation during hydrocarbon upgrading reactions using a double-wall reactor comprising the steps of feeding a heated feed water to a shell-side volume of the double-wall reactor to produce a heat transfer stream, the double-wall reactor comprising an exterior wall and an interior wall, a reaction section volume, a heating element configured to heat the heat transfer stream, wherein heat is transferred from the heat transfer stream to the reaction section volume, feeding the hot water return exiting the shell-side volume through a filter; mixing the filtered water stream with a heated hydrocarbon feedstock; feeding the mixed stream to the reaction section volume in a configuration counter-current to the heat transfer stream; reacting the reaction flow stream at a reaction temperature, wherein the heat transferred to the reaction section volume is operable to maintain the reaction temperature above the critical temperature of water.

A method includes a step of supplying a first heated hydrocarbon-containing gas stream to a reactor. An oxygen-containing gas stream is separately supplied to the reactor to partially oxidize the hydrocarbon-containing gas stream. The oxygen-containing gas is optionally prepared by passing air through one or more membranes to increase the oxygen content. One or more of the desired liquid oxygenated hydrocarbons are condensed and/or separated from the resulting product stream. Non-hydrocarbon gases are selectively removed from the product stream to enrich the gaseous hydrocarbon fraction using a scrubber and/or a membrane. The remaining gaseous hydrocarbon products from the product stream are mixed with a fresh hydrocarbon-containing gas stream after one cycle of the reaction. Characteristically, the process uses at least one membrane to increase oxygen content of the oxygen containing gas and/or to remove non-hydrocarbon gases from the product stream as set forth above.

A method for producing hydrogen by reforming hydrocarbons using steam, combined with carbon dioxide capture and steam production, which involves mixing the hydrocarbons to be reformed with steam in order to produce the feedstock for the reforming, generating a syngas; the syngas is then cooled, and enriched with H.sub.2 and CO.sub.2; and then cooled. The condensates of the method are separated from the syngas in order to be used in the method, the saturated syngas being treated by adsorption with pressure modulation so as to produce hydrogen and a gaseous effluent containing CO.sub.2 that is captured in a CO.sub.2-purifying unit. The condensates from the cooling of the syngas at the outlet of the shift reactor are used in the method for producing highly pure steam supplying the mixing point and for exportation; the CPU also produces CPU condensates that are recycled to be treated jointly with the condensates of the method.

Disclosed is a method for the integrated production of two different urea products. One is an aqueous urea solution suitable for use in NOx abatement (generally indicated as Diesel Exhaust Fluid DEF). The other is a solution used as a fertilizer, viz. Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). The production of DEF and UAN are integrated as follows: ammonia recovered from the production of urea is used as a feed to the production of ammonium nitrate. At least part of an aqueous urea stream from urea production, is mixed with ammonium nitrate so as to obtain UAN.

A reaction system for preparing polymer polyol and a method for preparing polymer polyol. The reaction system comprises a reactor, a first circulation unit, a second circulation unit, and a flow direction switching unit, wherein the reaction cavity of the reactor is divided into a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber by a partition plate, and the top of the partition plate is provided with an overflow port to communicate the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber with each other; the first circulation unit enables the material in the first reaction chamber to circulate between the discharge port of the first reaction chamber and the feed port of the first reaction chamber; the second circulation unit enables the material in the second reaction chamber to circulate between the discharge port of the second reaction chamber and the feed port of the second reaction chamber. The polymer polyol prepared by the reaction system has a low-viscosity effect, and by using the polymer polyol prepared by the method, a polyurethane foam having excellent mechanical properties and high hardness can be obtained.