A waste organic solids burner integrated with an ethanol plant includes a burner receiving waste organic syrup, combustion air dryer exhaust and natural gas from the ethanol plant. A baghouse receives burner exhaust and extracts particulate matter and hot gas, which is sent to a waste boiler. Cool gas from the waste boiler is sent to a heat recovery scrubber, from which hot water is sent to the ethanol plant as an energy source.

A system and method for a first reactor to produce a transfer slurry having a first polyolefin polymerized in the first reactor, a heat-removal zone to remove heat from the transfer slurry, and a second reactor to receive the transfer slurry cooled by the heat-removal zone, the second reactor to produce a product slurry having a product polyolefin which includes the first polyolefin and a second polyolefin polymerized in the second reactor.

A synthesis process comprising steam reforming a gaseous hydrocarbon feedstock (11); exothermically reacting the resulting synthesis gas; removing heat from said exothermal reaction by producing steam (32); using said steam as heat input to the steam reforming, wherein the steam reforming comprises: a) forming a mixture (30) containing steam and hydrocarbons by at least the step of adding a first stream of water (26) to the hydrocarbon feedstock (11); b) heating said mixture (30) by indirect heat exchange with synthesis gas; c) reforming said mixture after said heating step b).

To concentrate metals such as gallium from ore which is extracted from mines or used electronic components while suppressing the quantity of waste liquid generated is difficult. A first solid metal compound which contains a metal selected from a group consisting of gallium, indium, germanium, tellurium, and cesium at a first metal content in a mixture of the first solid metal compound is reduced to form a gaseous metal compound, the gaseous metal compound is oxidized to form a second solid metal compound, and the second solid metal compound is collected at a second metal content which is higher than the first metal content.

The invention relates to a method for polymerizing acrylates using a reactor (50). Reaction heat produced in the reactor (50) is discharged via a boiling cooler (40) in that gaseous vapors produced in the reactor (50) are supplied to the boiling cooler (40), and condensed vapors are returned to the reactor (50) from the boiling cooler (40). At least one component containing acrylate is at least partly added via the boiling cooler (40) and reaches the reactor (50) via the boiling cooler (40). The invention additionally relates to a system for polymerizing an acrylate, comprising a reactor (50) and a boiling cooler (40) for discharging reaction heat produced in the reactor (50). The boiling cooler (40) has at least one filling opening (46) for supplying at least one component containing acrylate.

The invention relates to a method for producing a polymer from a first component and a second component by means of a reactor (50), wherein reaction heat in the reactor (50) is discharged via an evaporative cooler (40), wherein gaseous exhaust vapour in the reactor (50) is supplied to the evaporative cooler (40), and condensed exhaust vapour is guided from the evaporative cooler (40) back into the reactor (50). In this way, the first component and/or second component are supplied at least partially via the evaporative cooler (40) and moved from the evaporative cooler (40) into the reactor (50). The invention also relates to a system for producing a polymer, comprising a reactor (50) and an evaporative cooler (40) for discharging reaction heat in the reactor (50). In addition, the evaporative cooler (40) has at least one filling opening (46) for filling in the first and/or second component.

Provided is an aromatic branched polycarbonate having a predetermined repeat unit in a main chain and a branched chain, and having one or more kinds of predetermined branched structures in the main chain and the branched chain, wherein ratio of a total amount of substance of the branched structures to an amount of substance of the predetermined repeat unit is in a predetermined numeric range; and containing one or more kinds of predetermined oligomers, wherein a total mass of the oligomers is in a predetermined numeric range, and a ratio of an amount of substance of oligomers having a specific structure to a total amount of substance of the oligomers is in a predetermined numeric range.

Described herein are catalytic heating systems, comprising catalytic reactors and dual-mode fuel evaporators, and methods of operating such systems. A dual-mode fuel evaporator is thermally coupled to a catalytic reactor and comprises an electric heater used for preheating the evaporator to at least a fuel-flow threshold temperature. Upon reaching this threshold, the liquid fuel, such as ethanol or methanol, is flown into the evaporator and evaporates therein, forming vaporized fuel. The vaporized fuel is mixed with oxidant, and the mixture is flown into the catalytic reactor where the vaporized fuel undergoes catalytic exothermic oxidation. At least some heat, generated in the catalytic reactor, is transferred to the evaporator and used for the evaporation of additional fuel. When the evaporator reaches or exceeds its operating threshold, the electric heater can be turned off and all heat is supplied to the evaporator from the catalytic reactor.

A system and method for a first reactor to produce a transfer slurry having a first polyolefin polymerized in the first reactor, a heat-removal zone to remove heat from the transfer slurry, and a second reactor to receive the transfer slurry cooled by the heat-removal zone, the second reactor to produce a product slurry having a product polyolefin which includes the first polyolefin and a second polyolefin polymerized in the second reactor.

A system and method for cracking hydrocarbon feed streams may include a pre-heating assembly configured to heat the hydrocarbon feed stream to provide a pre-heated feed stream including a vaporized portion and a pre-heated liquid portion. The pre-heating assembly may include an electrically-powered heater, an electrically-powered heater and a steam heater, or an electrically-powered heater and heat transfer fluid configured to heat the feed stream. The pre-heating assembly also may include a flash device positioned to receive the vaporized portion and the pre-heated liquid portion and separate the vaporized portion of the pre-heated feed stream or the pre-heated liquid hydrocarbon feed stream from the remaining liquid portion of the feed stream to supply a flash device outlet stream. The system further may include a steam cracking furnace positioned to receive the flash device outlet stream and heat the flash outlet device stream to provide a product stream including cracked hydrocarbons.