A reactor shell for producing hydrogen and/or synthesis gas and/or carbon dioxide from a fed reactive mixture stream is provided. The reactor shell includes: at least one reactive stream duct formed within the reactor shell, at least one structured ceramic catalyst having a plurality of juxtaposed hollow ceramic subunits, and at least one electrical heating means for heating the structured ceramic catalyst up to a predetermined reaction temperature. The reactor shell is characterized by an electrically heated structured ceramic catalyst. The electrical heating means is arranged inside at least some of the hollow ceramic subunits in a manner that there still remains a flowing passage.

A method for producing a synthetic fuel from hydrogen and carbon dioxide comprises extracting hydrogen molecules from hydrogen compounds in a hydrogen feedstock to produce a hydrogen-containing fluid stream; extracting carbon dioxide molecules from a dilute gaseous mixture in a carbon dioxide feedstock to produce a carbon dioxide containing fluid stream; and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams to produce a synthetic fuel. At least some thermal energy and/or material used for at least one of the steps of extracting hydrogen molecules, extracting carbon dioxide molecules, and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams is obtained from thermal energy and/or material produced by another one of the steps of extracting hydrogen molecules, extracting carbon dioxide molecules, and processing the hydrogen and carbon dioxide containing fluid streams.

Methods and apparatus for compact and easily maintainable waste reformation. Some embodiments include a rotary oven reformer adapted and configured to provide synthesis gas from organic waste. Some embodiments include a rotary oven with simplified operation both as to reformation of the waste, usage of the synthesized gas and other products, and easy removal of the finished waste products, preferably in a unit of compact size for use in austere settings. Yet other embodiments include Fischer-Tropsch reactors of synthesized gas. Some of these reactors include heat exchanging assemblies that provide self-cleaning effects, efficient utilization of waste heat, and ease of cleaning.

A reactor shell for producing olefins via steam cracking from a fed reactive mixture stream composed of steam and hydrocarbons comprising: at least one reactive stream duct formed within said reactor shell, at least one structured ceramic bed having a plurality of hollow flow paths, at least one electrical resistance heating element for heating the reactive mixture stream up to a predetermined reaction temperature and a coating provided on a surface contacting with the reactive mixture stream is provided. The reactor shell is characterized by that said electrical resistance heating element that is arranged inside at least some of said hollow flow paths in a manner that there still remains a flowing passage inside the hollow flow paths.

A method for regulatedly carrying out a chemical reaction in a reactor having reaction tubes which have a number of electrically heatable tube sections, wherein power connections are provided, which are each connected to at least one of the tube sections, wherein at least one connecting element is provided and each of the tube sections is connected to the connecting element. The method comprises conducting a process fluid through the one or more reaction tubes, providing several variable voltages at the several power connections, wherein the several voltages are provided as phases of a multiphase AC voltage so that the at least one connecting element forms a star point, setting the one or more voltages; detecting one or more measured values corresponding to one or more measured variables; changing the several set voltages so that the detected measured values correspond to predetermined values or value ranges of the measured variables.

The present invention proposes a plant (110) for producing reaction products. The plant (110) comprises at least a preheater (114). The plant (110) comprises at least one raw material supply (118) which is adapted for supplying at least one raw material to the preheater (114). The preheater (114) is adapted for preheating the raw material to a predetermined temperature. The plant (110) comprises at least one electrically heatable reactor (122). The electrically heatable reactor (122) is adapted for at least partially converting the preheated raw material into reaction products and byproducts. The plant (110) comprises at least one heat integration apparatus (132) which is adapted for at least partially supplying the byproducts to the preheater (114). The preheater (114) is adapted for at least partially utilizing energy required for preheating the raw material from the byproducts.

The invention relates to a reactor and a method for producing a product, wherein the reactor comprises an inner part which is formed at least in part from a porous material comprising a catalyst and in which at least one reactant is arranged to flow into the inner part and after that through the porous material to form a product, a shell structure which surrounds the inner part, a space between the inner part and the shell structure in which the product formed from the reactant in the porous material is arranged to flow out from the reactor, and a heating device for heating electrically the porous material. Further, the invention relates to the use of the reactor.

A plant, such as a hydrocarbon plant, is provided, which has a syngas stage (A) for syngas generation and a synthesis stage (B) where said syngas is synthesized to produce syngas derived product, such as hydrocarbon product. The syngas stage (A) primarily includes electrically heated reverse water gas shift (e-RWGS) section. Additionally, an electrically-heated steam methane reforming (e-SMR) section (II) can be arranged in parallel to the e-RWGS section (I). The plant makes effective use of various streams; in particular CO2 and H2. A method for producing a product stream, such as a hydrocarbon product stream is also provided.

Techniques regarding electrically heating a reactor are provided. For example, one or more embodiments described herein can comprise a reaction tube positioned within a reactor body. The apparatus can also comprise a plurality of electric heating elements positioned within the reactor body and adjacent to the reaction tube. The plurality of electric heating elements can be arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the reaction tube.

A chemical vessel utilizing induction heating elements and useful for preparing polyamides, such as nylon. The vessel can utilize an array of induction heating elements located inside a process chamber. Also described are a vessel, a heat exchanger, a process, and an apparatus useful for polyamide preparation.