A reactor system for high throughput applications includes a plurality of reactor assemblies, each reactor assembly including: a fluid source, which fluid source is adapted to provide a pressurized fluid to the flow-through reactors, a flow splitter which flow splitter includes a planar microfluidic chip, which microfluidic chip has a chip inlet channel and a plurality of chip outlet channels, which microfluidic chip further includes a plurality of flow restrictor channels, where each flow restrictor channel extends from said chip inlet channel to an associated chip outlet channel, where the chip inlet channel and the chip outlet channels each have a diameter, where the diameter of the chip inlet channel is the same or less than the length of said chip inlet channel and where the diameter of each chip outlet channel is the same or less than the length of said chip outlet channel.

The automated synthesis of clinically relevant amounts of 16-.sup.18F-fluoro-5-dihydrotestosterone (.sup.18F-FDHT) using a commercially available radiosynthesizer. Synthesis was performed in 90 minutes with a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 295%. The specific activity was 4.6 Ci/mol (170 GBq/mol) at end of formulation with a starting activity of 1.0 Ci (37 GBq). The formulated .sup.18F-FDHT yielded sufficient activity for multiple patient doses and passed all quality control tests required for routine clinical use.

Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product.

A fluid transport apparatus includes a pressure chamber to which a fluid is supplied, N drive elements that deliver the fluid to a channel by changing pressure of the fluid within the pressure chamber, and a control section that supplies a drive signal to each of the drive elements. The control section controls the N (N2) drive elements such that phases of drive signals which are supplied to each of the drive elements are different from each other. Therefore, by changing the pressure of the fluid within the pressure chamber while suppressing an amplitude of the drive elements as a whole, pulsation of the fluid is effectively suppressed.

The automated synthesis of clinically relevant amounts of 16-.sup.18F-fluoro-5-dihydrotestosterone (.sup.18F-FDHT) using a commercially available radiosynthesizer. Synthesis was performed in 90 minutes with a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 295%. The specific activity was 4.6 Ci/mol (170 GBq/mol) at end of formulation with a starting activity of 1.0 Ci (37 GBq). The formulated .sup.18F-FDHT yielded sufficient activity for multiple patient doses and passed all quality control tests required for routine clinical use.

The invention provides methods of making laminated devices (especially microchannel devices) in which plates are assembled and welded together. Unlike conventional microchannel devices, the inventive laminated devices can be made without brazing or diffusion bonding; thus providing significant advantages for manufacturing. Features such as expansion joints and external welded supports are also described. Laminated devices and methods of conducting unit operations in laminated devices are also described.

This invention relates to a process and an apparatus for conducting simultaneous endothermic and exothermic reactions in a microchannel reactor. A start-up procedure for the microchannel reactor is disclosed.

Fluid processing apparatus has a prefabricated branched network of flexible tubing, for conducting process fluid between process elements of the apparatus, and control valves. A tubing support has opposable front and rear plates which define a pattern of support channels between them in which the flexible tubing network lies, so that the support channels limit or prevent expansion of the flexible tubes. Standard non-reinforced tubing can then be used for high-pressure work. The support body plates can be separated to open the channels for insertion or removal of the flexible tubing. The front plate may be transparent. The control valves operate by simply pressing on the tubing in the support channels to block flow, without invasion of the flow path. The tubing sets can be easily replaced, cleaned or sterilized. The invention is useful in a range of controlled-flow processes e.g. chromatography and filtration.

According to some aspects, described herein is an automated droplet-based reactor that utilizes oscillatory motion of a droplet in a tubular reactor under inert atmosphere. In some cases, such a reactor may address current shortcomings of continuous multi-phase flow platforms.

Fluid processing apparatus has a prefabricated branched network of flexible tubing, for conducting process fluid between process elements of the apparatus, and control valves. A tubing support has opposable front and rear plates which define a pattern of support channels between them in which the flexible tubing network lies, so that the support channels limit or prevent expansion of the flexible tubes. Standard non-reinforced tubing can then be used for high-pressure work. The support body plates can be separated to open the channels for insertion or removal of the flexible tubing. The front plate may be transparent. The control valves operate by simply pressing on the tubing in the support channels to block flow, without invasion of the flow path. The tubing sets can be easily replaced, cleaned or sterilized. The invention is useful in a range of controlled-flow processes e.g. chromatography and filtration.