Disclosed herein are reaction compositions comprising an oxidation catalyst, a solvent, and a substrate that is dissolved in the solvent. The oxidation catalyst comprises a metal ion complexed with an -keto acid and a tridentate N,N,O-ligand. Also disclosed herein are methods for oxidizing a CH bond of a molecule, the methods comprising contacting the molecule with a metal complex comprising a metal ion complexed with a tridentate N,N,O-ligand in the presence of an -keto acid and a solvent. In some embodiments, the oxidation catalyst or metal complex is linked to a solid support.

The present invention relates to the field of polymerisation catalysts, and systems comprising these catalysts for polymerising carbon dioxide and an epoxide, a lactide and/or lactone, and/or an epoxide and an anhydride. The catalyst is of formula (I): ##STR00001##
wherein at least one of M.sub.1 or M.sub.2 is selected from Ni(II) and Ni(III)-X. A process for the reaction of carbon dioxide with an epoxide; an epoxide and an anhydride; and/or a lactide and/or a lactone in the presence of the catalyst is also described.

The present invention provides unimolecular metal complexes having increased activity in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. Also provided are methods of using such metal complexes in the synthesis of polymers. According to one aspect, the present invention provides metal complexes comprising an activating species with co-catalytic activity tethered to a multidentate ligand that is coordinated to the active metal center of the complex.

The present invention provides unimolecular metal complexes having increased activity in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. Also provided are methods of using such metal complexes in the synthesis of polymers. According to one aspect, the present invention provides metal complexes comprising an activating species with co-catalytic activity tethered to a multidentate ligand that is coordinated to the active metal center of the complex.

The present invention relates to ligands based on calixarenes, metal complexes comprising such ligands and their use as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts.

Disclosed herein are compounds and methods useful as carbonylation catalysts that improve steric properties so that reaction with epoxide is improved, reaction with lactones is avoided, and polymer bonds to the metal centers are weakened, which facilitates faster ring closure, that improve stability of the carbonylation catalyst by not being susceptible to hydrolysis, which reduces side products and improves recovery yields of the carbonylation catalyst after using to make lactones, and that have improved steric and electron properties so that release time of a lactone product is minimized, which reduces side reactions.

The present invention relates to ligands based on calixarenes, metal complexes comprising such ligands and their use as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts.

The present invention relates to a method of generating chlorine dioxide from chlorite salts in the presence of a manganese ion-containing complex, a method of treating a substrate with a chlorine-containing oxidant in the presence of a manganese ion-containing complex and related aqueous media, kits and compositions.

A composition, comprising: a metal carbonyl anion; and a cation ionically bonded to the metal carbonyl anion. The cation includes a ligand and a metal centered compound. The ligand includes two residues of 3,5-substituted salicylaldehydes connected by an hydrocarbyl-diimine bridge that includes a nitrogen atom contacted with a carbon of an aldehyde residue at each of the two residues of the 3,5-substituted salicylaldehydes. Each of the residues of the 3,5-substituted salicylaldehydes are independently substituted at one or both of a 3 position and a 5 position by a hydrocarbyl group containing at least 5 carbons. The metal coordinated with the ligand at each hydroxyl residue the two residues of the 3,5-substituted salicylaldehydes at a 2 position and at each of the nitrogen atoms of the hydrocarbyl-diimine bridge. The composition includes two polar ligands coordinated with the metal.

The present invention provides bimetallic complexes having increased activity in the copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxides. Also provided are methods of using such metal complexes in the synthesis of polymers. According to one aspect, the present invention provides metal complexes comprising an activating species with co-catalytic activity tethered to a multidentate ligand that is coordinated to one or more active metal centers of the complex.