A system for producing a high precision blended gas product (BGP), the system comprising: a supply of a volatile analyte in liquid form; a supply of an inert carrier gas; a supply of at least one diluent gas; an analyte gasifier (AG) subsystem for receiving the volatile analyte in liquid form, nebulizing the volatile analyte and mixing the nebulized volatile analyte with the inert carrier gas so as to form an analyte gas stream (AGS); and a gas mixer (GM) subsystem for receiving the AGS from the AG subsystem and mixing the AGS with the supply of at least one diluent gas so as to produce the BGP, wherein the GM subsystem comprises: a gas analyzer (GA) for receiving the AGS and analyzing the same; a gas proportioner for receiving the AGS from the GA, receiving the at least one diluent gas, and proportioning the AGS and the at least one diluent gas based on the results of the GA so as to provide a proportioned AGS and a proportioned at least one diluent gas; and a gas mixing chamber for receiving the proportioned AGS and the proportioned at least one diluent from the gas proportioner so as to produce the BGP.

An air-cap nozzle 103b for discharging an atomising air jet 101b for atomising paint from a spray gun, the air cap nozzle comprising a tip surface having an atomizing air outlet 100b and a rim region 102b surrounding the outlet. The rim region 102b comprises a continuous serrated portion formed by a plurality of protrusions 104 that protrude axially outward from the rim region 100b of the tip surface. The protrusions 104 are separated by valleys 105 configured to permit entrainment of ambient air by the atomising air jet 101b, the entrained ambient air being drawn through the valleys. The permitted entrainment provides mixing between the entrained ambient air and the atomising air jet 101b.

An electrostatic sprayer system for dispensing and dispersing a liquid containing a spray compound includes a spray cloud dispersal feature that reduces the time that a residual spray cloud containing droplets including the spray compound remains suspended after spraying. A method of dispersing the residual spray cloud is implemented by a control system that causes a flow control system to deliver a non-active gas or liquid in conjunction with stopping delivery of the liquid containing the spray agent and charged with the same polarity, so that a charged cloud of the non-active gas or liquid, which may be air, displaces the suspended active fluid particles. The non-active gas or liquid may be dispensed for a predetermined time interval as determined by the control system, or the operator may control the time interval during which that the non-active fluid is dispensed.

A printer is configured to provide a jet of extraction gas that extracts a printing fluid from a printing nozzle in the presence of an electrostatic field that accelerates the extracted printing fluid toward a printing substrate. The printer is also configured to selectively turn the electrostatic field and the jet of extraction gas off and on to enable printing in an aerosol mode, an e-assisted aerosol mode, or an e-jet mode. The jet of gas can be provided by a second nozzle concentric with the printing nozzle. A third nozzle can discharge a focusing gas around the aerosol.

A nozzle includes a chamber, a first channel formed in the nozzle, and a first passageway extending between the first channel and the chamber. The first passageway defines a first passageway axis. The nozzle also includes a second channel formed in the nozzle and a second passageway extending between the second channel and the chamber. The second passageway defines a second passageway axis, and the first passageway axis is not concentric with the second passageway axis.

An apparatus for performing liquid treatment for a substrate is provided. The apparatus for performing the liquid treatment for the substrate may include a housing having a treatment space, a substrate support unit to support and rotate the substrate in the treatment space, a liquid feeding unit including a nozzle device including a central exhaust port and multiple first outer exhaust ports, which are provided in a shape of a ring to form a concentric circle with the central exhaust port to feed mutually different treating liquids onto the substrate through respective exhaust ports, and a controller to control the liquid feeding unit.

The invention provides a method of packaging a sterilized product. The method includes the steps of providing a product and sterilizing the product. The sterilized product is enclosed in a first layer, which is substantially hermetically sealed to form a first sealed enclosure. The first sealed enclosure is enclosed in a second layer, which is substantially hermetically sealed to form a second sealed enclosure. The second sealed enclosure is enclosed in a third layer, which is substantially hermetically sealed to form a third sealed enclosure. The third sealed enclosure is enclosed in a fourth layer, which is substantially hermetically sealed to form a packaged product.

A connecting device for connecting two or more components to one another, includes an inlet section and an outlet section. The inlet section and the outlet section respectively include one or more connectors for each of the two or more components, with one or more passages extending between the inlet section and the outlet section, with the connecting device being of single piece design and being plastic

An apparatus is described. The apparatus comprises a liquid dispenser comprising a liquid outlet, the liquid dispenser being configured to generate a droplet stream. The apparatus also comprises a first fluid flow device configured to generate a confinement fluid flow for confining a trajectory of the droplet stream therein, the first fluid flow device comprising an outlet arranged to allow the droplet stream to exit therefrom, wherein the fluid outlet is arranged within the confinement fluid flow device. Furthermore, the apparatus comprises a second fluid flow device configured to generate a reaction fluid flow for reacting with droplets in the droplet stream, wherein the outlet of the first fluid flow device is arranged within the second fluid flow device. A method is also described.

To provide: an atomizer that allows a sample liquid to be made into minute droplets stably and that inhibits clogging of an aerosol gas outlet by salting out or the like when atomizing a sample containing a high density matrix; a sample introduction unit that includes the atomizer; and an analysis device. An atomizer includes: a liquid supply tube that has a first channel in which a liquid can circulate and that has, on one end, an outlet to spray the liquid; and a gas supply tube that encloses the liquid supply tube with a gap therebetween, that has a second channel in which a gas can circulate, and that has, on one end, an outlet to spray the gas. The second channel is defined by the outer circumferential face of the liquid supply tube and the inner circumferential face of the gas supply tube and has a narrow portion upstream of the outlet.