Methods of reducing waste in the production of wood products, particularly a fenestration unit, and methods of coating a solid softwood component, as well as coated wood products are provided.

A process for coating of a substrate is provided, comprising: (a) applying a first layer of a liquid solvent-free UV-curable primer coating composition to a substrate surface; (b) curing the first layer UV irradiation; (c) optionally applying and curing additional layers of a liquid solvent-free UV-curable coating composition; (d) providing a granular material, having an average particle size of 60-600 mm, to the coating; (e) applying a final layer of a liquid solvent-free UV-curable finisher coating composition; and (f) curing the final layer by irradiation with UV light. The coating compositions comprise 20-90 wt % UV-curable resin, 5-70 wt % filler, 0.1-10 wt % photoinitiator and less than 5 wt % solvent, based on total weight of the coating compositions.

The invention relates to tetrahydrofuran derivatives of the formula (I)

##STR00001##

in which the radical R1 has the definition (CH.sub.2═CH—CO—O—(CHR3—CH.sub.2—O).sub.m—CH.sub.2)— and the radical R2 has the definition (CH.sub.2═CH—CO—O—(CHR4—CH.sub.2—O).sub.n—CH.sub.2)—, in which the radicals R3 and R4 independently of one another are hydrogen or methyl, and with the proviso that the sum of the indices m and n is a number in the range from 0 to 20.

The compounds (I) are suitable for coating the surfaces of solid substrates, more particularly for coating plastics.

An ultraviolet curing type coating resin composition having all of respective beneficial features of excellent state in chemical resistance, under high temperature, against human skin protection creams containing a mixture of alkyl esters of benzoic acid, as represented by Neutrogena Cream (registered trademark), excellent state in gas barrier property against metal-corrosive gases as represented by sulfur-containing gases, and excellent state in flexibility that accommodates three-dimensional shape forming processing is demanded, includes an ultraviolet curing type coating resin composition containing an unsaturated-group-containing acrylic resin, with a weight average molecular weight of 5000 to 70000, a number of (meth)acrylate functional groups per molecule of 5 to 40, a hydroxyl value of 2 to 200 mgKOH/g, and with a glass transition temperature of 20 to 90° C., a volatile organic solvent, and a photopolymerization initiator.

The curing assembly of this invention has one or more fiber optic cables, each transmitting light to a head, which distributes the light onto a substrate in a desired geometric pattern and intensity. Little or none of the heat generated by a light source is transmitted to the vicinity of the substrate. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract that will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b).

Methods and compositions are disclosed for quickly creating durable surface marks and/or decorations on substrates including metal, glass, ceramic, porcelain, natural and engineered stone, as well as plastics, polymer composites and other organic materials with color, high resolution and high contrast using inkjet technology and laser, NIR diode or UV LED energy. The improved methods and compositions are based on established and emerging sub-micron and nanoparticle technology. Most properties of nanoparticles are size dependent and do not become apparent until the particle size has been reduced to the nanometer scale. Examples of such properties include increased specific surface area, facilitating the absorption and/or scattering of visible light and laser, NIR diode or UV LED energy and the decreased melting point of such materials when their particle size is reduced to the nanometer scale. Improved results such as smoothness and durability are obtained by using nanoparticles of silica, pigments and other materials in such marking processes.

A fastener sealing material for application to fasteners is formulated from an acrylate present in a concentration of about 90 to about 97 percent by weight of the sealing material and a nanostructured material present in a concentration of about 3 to about 10 percent by weight of the sealing material. The sealant is applied to the fastener as a liquid and is cured using an ultraviolet or LED light source and without the use of heat.

The present invention is a method of curing an adhesive composition positioned at least partially under a light-absorbing layer. The method includes providing an adhesive composition, positioning the light-absorbing layer over a surface of the adhesive composition such that there is an exposed area of the adhesive composition and a covered area of the adhesive composition and irradiating the exposed area of the adhesive composition and the covered area of the adhesive composition at the surface at a dosage of between about 100 mJ/cm.sup.2 and about 10,000 mJ/cm.sup.2. The adhesive composition includes a solute (meth)acryolyl oligomer having a molecular weight of 4 to 30 k and a Tg of less than about 20° C., a diluents monomer component and a photoinitiator.

A device for lacquer transfer includes a frame, transfer roller with circumferential lateral wall, nozzle for dispensing lacquer, and hardening unit, the hardening unit formed as a UV-light unit for hardening the lacquer in a contactless way by emitting UV-light, and is within an interior space defined by the transfer roller. The lateral wall of the transfer roller is transparent for UV-light, and the hardening unit is arranged such that UV-light is emitted towards the work surface upon which the lateral wall of the transfer roller rolls, to harden the lacquer after it being transferred to the work surface. Using the device, lacquer transfer can occur from the transfer roller to the work surface more reliably. The device includes a light shield between the hardening unit and outside contact surface with at least a portion of the outside contact surface provided with lacquer is shielded from UV-light emitted from the hardening unit.

A manufacturing method of anti-fog coatings on lenses is provided. The method includes: a lens assembling step, a lens spraying step, a pre-drying step, a curing step and a lens obtaining step. In the lens assembling step, a plurality of lenses are disposed on a base of a movable carrier. In the lens spraying step, the plurality of lenses are moved to a spraying device and sprayed with a light-curable anti-fog material on a surface thereof. In the pre-drying step, any extra light-curable anti-fog materials are removed from the plurality of lenses by a suction device. In the curing step, the plurality of lenses are placed into a light curing apparatus and radiated by the ultraviolet lights to form an anti-fog coating on the surface of the plurality of lenses. In the lens obtaining step, the plurality of lenses are taken out of the light curing apparatus.