An imaging device includes a two dimensional array of piezoelectric elements. Each piezoelectric element includes: a piezoelectric layer; a bottom electrode disposed on a bottom side of the piezoelectric layer and configured to receive a transmit signal during a transmit mode and develop an electrical charge during a receive mode; and a first top electrode disposed on a top side of the piezoelectric layer; and a first conductor, wherein the first top electrodes of a portion of the piezoelectric elements in a first column of the two dimensional array are electrically coupled to the first conductor.

In order to reduce crosstalk between analog and digital signals, a circuit device includes a vibrator element, a semiconductor device, and a package. In the semiconductor device, an analog pad is provided along a first side facing in a first direction when the semiconductor device is seen in plan view. In addition, a digital pad is provided along aside facing in a second direction opposite to the first direction, that is, a second side facing the first side. In the package, an analog terminal which is connected to the analog pad is provided on a first side of the package facing in the first direction. In addition, a digital terminal which is connected to the digital pad is provided on a second side of the package facing in the second direction.

The present invention provides a vibration audio system for transmitting an audio signal outputted from a sound source to a listener in the form of vibration while reducing output level of the signal and power consumption. The system includes an envelope detection unit (204) for detecting an envelope signal of the audio signal outputted from a sound source, a vibration transmission member for allowing the listener to perceive vibration of a low-frequency sound outputted from a low-frequency output speaker that outputs audio signals, and a frequency conversion unit (205) for generating an audio signal frequency-converted on the basis of resonant frequencies by multiplying the envelope signal by sine waves having the same frequencies as resonance frequencies obtained from an impulse response of the low-frequency output speaker disposed in the vibration transmission member. The audio signal frequency-converted by the frequency conversion unit (205) is outputted from the low-frequency output speaker.

[Problem]

Provided are a highly reliable automatic analyzer and an abnormality determination method for the same.

[Solution]

The automatic analyzer comprises: a stirring unit that stirs a sample and a reagent by irradiating a reaction container with ultrasonic waves; a power amplifier that applies a voltage to a piezoelectric element of the stirring unit; an impedance measuring unit that measures an electric impedance of the piezoelectric element of the stirring unit; an analyzing unit that makes component analysis of a reaction liquid of the sample and the reagent; and a control unit that controls the stirring unit, the power amplifier, the impedance measuring unit, and the analyzing unit. The automatic analyzer has a plurality of stirring units as mentioned above. The control unit determines a connection condition between the stirring unit and the power amplifier or the impedance measuring unit, or an inclination condition of the automatic analyzer according to the electric impedance measured by the impedance measuring unit for the stirring units.

The present invention provides a vibration audio system for transmitting an audio signal outputted from a sound source to a listener in the form of vibration while reducing output level of the signal and power consumption. The system includes an envelope detection unit (204) for detecting an envelope signal of the audio signal outputted from a sound source, a vibration transmission member for allowing the listener to perceive vibration of a low-frequency sound outputted from a low-frequency output speaker that outputs audio signals, and a frequency conversion unit (205) for generating an audio signal frequency-converted on the basis of resonant frequencies by multiplying the envelope signal by sine waves having the same frequencies as resonance frequencies obtained from an impulse response of the low-frequency output speaker disposed in the vibration transmission member. The audio signal frequency-converted by the frequency conversion unit (205) is outputted from the low-frequency output speaker.

The present invention reduces noise generated by a phase change in an ultrasonic wave focusing apparatus that changes an ultrasonic wave focal point within a space by changing the phase of vibration of a plurality of ultrasonic transducers. When inputted position coordinates within a three-dimensional space are changed, the ultrasonic wave focusing apparatus calculates a target time lag Tnew that allows ultrasonic waves outputted from the ultrasonic transducers to form a focal point at the changed position coordinates X1, Y1, Z1. The ultrasonic wave focusing apparatus then examines the ultrasonic transducers to locate a particular ultrasonic transducer that outputs an ultrasonic wave whose time lag Ttmp differs from the target time lag Tnew, and changes the phase of the outputted ultrasonic wave to a target phase in multiple steps (steps 140 and 150).

A bat deterrent system to deter bats from approaching wind turbines may include a first deterrent box having a first and second transducer bank. The first transducer bank may include a first set of transducers located on a first plane and a second set of transducers located on a second plane. The second plane may be different from the first plane. The bat deterrent system may also include a second deterrent box having a third and fourth transducer bank. The third transducer bank may include a third set of transducers located on a third plane and a fourth set of transducers located on a fourth plane. The fourth plane may be different from the third plane. At least one transducer may simultaneously emit a different ultrasonic output waveform than the ultrasonic output waveform emitted from another transducer.

An acoustophoretic device is disclosed. The acoustophoretic device includes an acoustic chamber, an ultrasonic transducer, and a reflector. The ultrasonic transducer includes a piezoelectric material driven by a voltage signal to create a multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave in the acoustic chamber emanating from a non-planar face of the piezoelectric material. A method for separating a second fluid or a particulate from a host fluid is also disclosed. The method includes flowing the mixture through an acoustophoretic device. A voltage signal is sent to drive the ultrasonic transducer to create the multi-dimensional acoustic standing wave in the acoustic chamber such that the second fluid or particulate is continuously trapped in the standing wave, and then agglomerates, aggregates, clumps, or coalesces together, and subsequently rises or settles out of the host fluid due to buoyancy or gravity forces, and exits the acoustic chamber.

An ultrasonic wave unit includes a piezoelectric element having an ultrasonic wave generation surface for generating an ultrasonic wave, and a transmissive diffraction portion positioned on the ultrasonic wave generation surface or away from the ultrasonic wave generation surface.

A mass positioning system includes a first end portion separated from a second end portion, a mechanical spring coupled to the first end portion, control circuitry configured to generate a first control signal and a second control signal, a first conductive coil proximate to the first end portion and configured to generate a first magnetic field in response to the first control signal, a second conductive coil proximate to the second end portion and configured to generate a second magnetic field in response to the second control signal, and a magnetic mass coupled to the mechanical spring and having a displacement that is responsive to the first magnetic field and the second magnetic field. The mass positioning system has an oscillation frequency that is controllable by the first control signal or the second control signal.