A method for manufacturing a cold-forged, extruded aluminum alloy tube includes: providing a primary material made of an aluminum alloy material, and a first cold extrusion apparatus; processing the primary material to form a preform; subjecting the preform to a homogeneous annealing by heating to a temperature of about 410 C. to 510 C. and then cooling to a temperature of about 160 C. to 200 C.; testing the hardness of the preform; immersing the preform in a lubricant which is a lipid having a viscosity index equal to or greater than 170, a flash point equal to or greater than 240 C., a pour point equal to or greater than 24 C., and a fire point equal to or greater than 255 C.; and subjecting the preform to cold extrusion.

Shear assisted extrusion apparatus, tools, inserts, and/or methods are provided. The apparatuses can include: an extrusion receiving channel operably engaged with a tool to receive extruded material; and one or more openings aligned between the spindle ends, the openings configured to convey fluid to the extruded product. Example tools can include one or more openings aligned between the tool ends. Example methods can include quenching plasticized feed material before exiting the spindle. A spindle assembly and/or tool assembly inserts are also provided that can include a sleeve extending within one or both of the spindle assembly or tool assembly of the apparatus; and openings within the sleeve configured to convey fluid to within one or both of the receiving channel of the spindle assembly or the tool assembly.

Methods are disclosed for fabricating heat exchangers and Heat Exchanger (HX) tubes, as are heat exchangers fabricated in accordance with such methods. In embodiments, the method includes fabricating an HX tube by at least partially forming the elongated tube body utilizing a cold spray process during which a metallic feedstock powder is deposited over a removable mandrel. The HX tube is separated from the removable mandrel at some juncture following cold spray deposition of the tube body.

A lubrication device (1) for applying a lubricant when rolling a rolling material. The lubrication device (1) includes an extruded profile (3), through which run lubricant ducts (41) and at least one carrier medium duct (42), at least one connection block (5, 6) and nozzles (7). The connection block (5, 6) is connected to the extruded profile (3) and has lubricant connection ducts (54) that are each connected to one lubricant duct (41) of the extruded profile (3). The nozzles (7) are connected to the extruded profile (3) and are designed to create and emit a lubricant-carrier medium mixture consisting of lubricant and a carrier medium.

A precise and efficient cold-extension forming method for an unsymmetrical ferrule blank, comprising pipe-cutting blanking, surface phosphorus saponification treatment, ferrule cold-extrusion forming, and turning post-treatment. In the step of surface phosphorus saponification treatment, firstly, shot blasting pretreatment is performed on the surface of a ferrule blank by using a shot blasting machine; and then, the process steps of washing, phosphorization, washing, saponification, and drying are completed in sequence. In the step of ferrule cold-extrusion forming, automatic material feed is performed by using an automatic feeding machine, and the material is conveyed to a cold-extrusion punch press for cold-extension. The method features low equipment investment cost, short technological process, and low energy consumption.

A method of forming a casting with a flow passage may include filling a tubular pipe with a filler to form a smart core; inserting the smart core into a mold having a cavity corresponding to a shape of the casting to be formed; injecting a molten metal into the cavity through a casting process; and removing the filler from the smart core, wherein a hardness of the tubular pipe is 70 Hv or more.

An intravenous therapy system may include a curved needle; and a curved catheter formed around the outside surface of the curved needle; wherein, upon insertion of a first length of the curved needle and curved catheter into a patient's body, a curvature angle of the curved needle and curved catheter causes the curved needle and curved catheter to intersect axially with a blood vessel in the patient's body.

A method of forming a fiber-reinforced composite part includes forming a composite preform by extruding a hollow metal shape onto a fiber-reinforced preform at an extrusion temperature and cooling the hollow metal shape from the extrusion temperature to a temperature less than the extrusion temperature. Heat from the hollow metal shape cooling from the extrusion temperature is conducted into the fiber-reinforced preform for curing thereof. Also, thermal contraction of the hollow metal shape onto the fiber-reinforced preform applies a consolidation pressure on the fiber-reinforced preform for curing thereof. The fiber-reinforced preform may be a hollow fiber-reinforced preform and a die can be moved through the hollow fiber-reinforced preform such that consolidation pressure is applied thereto by a combination of the thermal contraction of the hollow metal shape onto the hollow fiber-reinforced preform and the die moving through the hollow fiber-reinforced preform.

A process of producing a duplex stainless steel tube comprises the steps of: a) producing an ingot or a continuous casted billet of said duplex stainless steel; b) hot extruding the ingot or the billet obtained from step a) into a tube; and c) cold rolling the tube obtained from step b) to a final dimension thereof.
The outer diameter D and the wall thickness t of the cold rolled tube is 50-250 mm respectively is 5-25 mm, and, for the cold rolling step, R and Q are set such that the following formula is satisfied:
Rp0.2target=416.53+113.26.Math.log Q+4.0479.Math.R+2694.9.Math.C %82.750.Math.(log Q).sup.20.04279.Math.R.sup.22.2601.Math.log Q.Math.R+16.9.Math.Cr %+26.1.Math.Mo %+83.6.Math.N %+Z(1)
wherein Rp0.2target is targeted yield strength and is 800-1100 MPa and 0<Q<3.6.

Methods are disclosed for fabricating heat exchangers and Heat Exchanger (HX) tubes, as are heat exchangers fabricated in accordance with such methods. In embodiments, the method includes the steps or processes of obtaining a Non-Equilibrium Alloy (NEA) feedstock powder comprised of an alloy matrix throughout which at least one minority constituent is dispersed. The first minority constituent precipitates from the alloy matrix when the NEA feedstock powder is exposed to temperatures exceeding a critical temperature threshold (T.sub.CRITICAL) for a predetermined time period. A cold spray process is carried-out to at least partially form the HX tubes from the NEA feedstock powder; and the HX tubes are subsequently installed in the heat exchanger. The HX tubes are exposed to a maximum temperature (T.sub.SPRAY_MAX) during the cold spray process, which is maintained below T.sub.CRITICAL to substantially preserve the non-equilibrium state of the NEA feedstock powder through cold spray deposition.