A method of making sintered components made from an iron-based powder composition and the sintered component per se. The method is especially suited for producing components which will be subjected to wear at elevated temperatures, consequently the components consists of a heat resistant stainless steel with hard phases including chromium carbo-nitrides. Examples of such components are parts in turbochargers for internal combustion engines.

An example sinter system includes a sinter gas inlet at a sinter furnace for a sinter gas, a tracer gas inlet at the sinter furnace for a tracer gas different from the sinter gas, and an outlet at the sinter furnace to output the sinter gas and the tracer gas. The example sinter system further includes: a support structure to support a sample green object in the sinter furnace, an opening at the support structure connected to the tracer gas inlet, the opening to output the tracer gas into the sinter furnace, and a detector to: determine an amount of the tracer gas flowing through the outlet during a sinter process as a sample green object positioned on the support structure changes shape during the sinter process with respect to the opening and modifies a flow rate of the tracer gas to the outlet; and determine when to stop the sinter process based on a determined amount of the tracer gas.

A method of selecting a scanning sequence of a laser beam in a selective laser solidification process, in which one or more objects are formed layer-by-layer by repeatedly depositing a layer of powder on a powder bed and scanning the laser beam over the deposited powder to selectively solidify at least part of the powder layers, includes determining an order in which areas should be scanned by: projecting a debris fallout zone that would be created when solidifying each area based on a gas flow direction of a gas flow passed over the powder bed; determining whether one or more other areas to be solidified fall within the debris fallout zone; and selecting to solidify the one or more other areas that fall within the debris fallout zone before solidifying the area from which the debris fallout zone has been projected.

A method for manufacturing a metal composite sintered body includes: a molding step of injection-molding a first molded product and a second molded product from a kneaded product of a metal powder and a binder; an assembling step of fitting the first molded product to the second molded product without performing a solvent degreasing treatment to form a composite; and a heating step of subjecting the composite to a thermal degreasing treatment and a sintering treatment, in which the first molded product and the second molded product have fitting portions that fit to each other, at least one of the fitting portion of the first molded product and the fitting portion of the second molded product has a tapered shape, in the assembling step, a maximum meshing when the fitting portions are fitted to each other is 0.002 mm or more and 0.010 mm or less, and a content of the binder in the kneaded product is 2 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less with respect to a total amount of the kneaded product.

A method for manufacturing a metal composite sintered body includes: a molding step of injection-molding a first molded product and a second molded product from a kneaded product of a metal powder and a binder; an assembling step of fitting the first molded product to the second molded product without performing a solvent degreasing treatment to form a composite; and a heating step of subjecting the composite to a thermal degreasing treatment and a sintering treatment, in which the first molded product and the second molded product have fitting portions that fit to each other, at least one of the fitting portion of the first molded product and the fitting portion of the second molded product has a tapered shape, in the assembling step, a maximum meshing when the fitting portions are fitted to each other is 0.002 mm or more and 0.010 mm or less, and a content of the binder in the kneaded product is 2 mass % or more and 20 mass % or less with respect to a total amount of the kneaded product.

A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: R.sub.pFe.sub.qM.sub.rCu.sub.tCo.sub.100-p-q-r-t. The magnet comprises a metallic structure including crystal grains which constitutes a main phase having a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase. An average value of Fe concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 28 atomic percent or more and an average value of R element concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 10 atomic percent or more.

A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: R.sub.pFe.sub.qM.sub.rCu.sub.tCo.sub.100-p-q-r-t. The magnet comprises a metallic structure including crystal grains which constitutes a main phase having a Th.sub.2Zn.sub.17 crystal phase. An average value of Fe concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 28 atomic percent or more and an average value of R element concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 10 atomic percent or more.

A 3dimensional object-forming apparatus is provided which may avoid lowering of irradiation efficiency of laser light due to fumes and so forth while avoiding lowering of quality of the formed object. A shroud 20 includes an inside partition wall portion 21 that demarcates an inside space S.sub.1 which extends from one end opening 202 to another end opening 206, and an outside partition wall portion 22 that opens in the other end opening 206 of a shroud 20 on an outside of the inside space S.sub.1 and demarcates, together with the inside partition wall portion 21, an outside space S.sub.2 which closes in a position closer to the one end opening 202 than the other end opening 206 of the shroud. A ventilation area of the inside space S.sub.1 in the other end opening 206 of the shroud 20 is larger than the ventilation area of the inside space S.sub.1 in an upstream portion closer to the one end opening 202 than the other end opening 206.

There is provided a method for manufacturing a rare earth sintered magnet by many times repetitively finely pulverizing a rare earth alloy on a jet mill by supplying high-pressure nitrogen gas to narrow grain size distribution to make an easy alignment in a magnetic field, and by micronizing crystal grains by using a hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination (HDDR) process, to improve the coercivity and thermostability of the rare earth sintered magnet.

There is provided a method for manufacturing a rare earth sintered magnet by many times repetitively finely pulverizing a rare earth alloy on a jet mill by supplying high-pressure nitrogen gas to narrow grain size distribution to make an easy alignment in a magnetic field, and by micronizing crystal grains by using a hydrogenation-disproportionation-desorption-recombination (HDDR) process, to improve the coercivity and thermostability of the rare earth sintered magnet.