A structure is provided. The structure defines a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction, the three directions orthogonal to each other. The structure includes a first section, a second section, and a third section. The first section includes a plurality of unit cells joined together, wherein the first section has a first average tensile strength and a first average crack growth resistance. The second substantially solid section is within and surrounding each unit cell of the plurality of first section unit cells, wherein the second section has a second average tensile strength and a second average crack growth resistance, the second average tensile strength different from the first average tensile strength and the second average crack growth resistance different from the first average crack growth resistance. The third section surrounds the first section and the second section.

A pressing arrangement is disclosed, including a pressure vessel, a pressure medium supplying device configured to output a flow of pressure medium, and a pressure medium accumulator. In an embodiment, the pressure medium accumulator is positioned intermediate the pressure vessel and the pressure medium supplying device.

A backup cooling device intended for a hot isostatic press, the press comprising a compression chamber, a tank containing a gas and a first gas flow circuit for the gas to flow between the gas tank and the compression chamber. The backup cooling device comprises a tank containing a coolant equipped with a first heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the gas and the coolant, a coolant flow circuit forming a closed loop including the tank and a cooling circuit arranged around the compression chamber, a second gas flow circuit for the gas, extending from a connecting valve connecting it to the first gas flow circuit, and including the first heat exchanger, a control module (CMD) suitable for controlling the connecting valve so as to open it in the event of a malfunction of the hot isostatic press, and otherwise to close it.

A containment for use in hot Isostatic pressing, the containment comprising a body formed from sheet material and fused together along its longitudinal length using a backing strip on the outside of body. Also a containment with a body and top and bottom caps diffusion bonded upon hot isostatic pressing, a containment with a gas purge inlet and outlet and an apparatus for vacuum degassing are disclosed.

A method in a pressing arrangement is disclosed. The pressing arrangement comprises a pressure vessel arranged to hold pressure medium therein during use of the pressing arrangement, the pressure vessel including a treatment region therein, wherein the treatment region is arranged to accommodate at least one article. The pressing arrangement is arranged so that pressure medium can enter and exit the treatment region. The pressing arrangement comprises at least one controllable pressure medium supplying device configured to transport pressure medium during a cooling phase from another region in the pressing arrangement to the treatment region, wherein the temperature of the pressure medium in the other region is lower than the temperature of the pressure medium in the treatment region during at least part of the cooling phase. At least one value indicative of at least one temperature in the pressure vessel is obtained. Based on the at least one value indicative of at least one temperature in the pressure vessel, at least one operational parameter of the at least one controllable pressure medium supplying device is adjusted, whereby the pressure medium supplying rate of the at least one pressure medium supplying device is adjusted. A pressing arrangement in which the method may be carried out is also disclosed.

The inventive concept relates to a method for manufacturing a metal based frame comprising the steps of: providing a first element (202) comprising a first element inner enveloping wall (204) surrounding an interior volume; providing a second element (210) having a second element outer wall (212), a second element inner wall (213), and a third element (220) having a third element outer wall (222), a third element inner wall, wherein the second element inner wall (213) and the third element inner wall each surrounds a free space (215); arranging the second element (210) and the third element (220) in the interior volume (208) such that an intermediate space (230) having an access opening (232) is formed between the first element inner enveloping wall (204) and the second element outer wall (212) and the third element outer wall (222) in a predetermined pattern; arranging a plurality of pieces of a wrought material (250) in the intermediate space (230); providing a closing member (240) arranged such that it covers at least the access opening (232) of the intermediate space (230), whereby the first element (202), the second element (210), the third element (220), the plurality of pieces of a wrought material (250), and the closing member (240) form an assembled frame arrangement (200); removing gas from the intermediate space; subjecting the assembled frame arrangement to a hot pressing process for a predetermined time at a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature such that at least the plurality of pieces of a wrought material bond metallurgically to each other, to form the metal based frame.

Provided is a hot isostatic pressing (HIP) device that improves the heat uniformity of a hot zone during a pressurization process of an object being processed. This HIP device (100) is provided with: an outer casing (4) having an open outer opening part (4H); an inner casing (5) having an open inn opening part (5H); a heat-insulating body (R) disposed between the outer casing (4) and the inner casing (5); a gas flow generation part (30); and a plurality of first gas conduits (12), A hot zone (P) in which a pressurization process is performed is formed inside the inner casing (5). During the pressurization process, a low-temperature pressurization medium gas which has been generated by the gas flow generation part (30) and has passed through the first gas conduits (12) moves upward in an inner flow passage (L1) between the casings, and then flows into the hot zone (P) from the inner opening part (5H), Even when the pressurization medium gas leaks from the vicinity of a bottom all part (20) and flows into the hot zone (P), the heat uniformity of the hot zone (P) is maintained.

A method for processing at least one article in a pressing arrangement is provided. The method comprises the steps of: increasing the temperature in the load compartment by the at least one heating element in the furnace chamber; maintaining the increased temperature at a predetermined temperature level, T.sub.1, for a selected period of time, t.sub.1; and during the steps of increasing the temperature and maintaining the increased temperature, circulating the pressure medium within the pressure vessel by the at least one flow generator.

A structure is provided. The structure defines a first direction, a second direction, and a third direction, the three directions orthogonal to each other. The structure includes a first section, a second section, and a third section. The first section includes a plurality of unit cells joined together, wherein the first section has a first average tensile strength and a first average crack growth resistance. The second substantially solid section is within and surrounding each unit cell of the plurality of first section unit cells, wherein the second section has a second average tensile strength and a second average crack growth resistance, the second average tensile strength different from the first average tensile strength and the second average crack growth resistance different from the first average crack growth resistance. The third section surrounds the first section and the second section.

A pressing arrangement (100) is disclosed. The pressing arrangement (100) comprises a pressure vessel (2) comprising a pressure cylinder (1), a top end closure (3) and a bottom end closure (9), a furnace chamber (18) for heating a pressure medium, a plurality of guiding passages (10, 11, 13), a load compartment (19) configured for holding at least one article to be treated, and at least one flow generator (30, 32) for circulating pressure medium within the pressure vessel. The pressing arrangement further comprises a heat exchanging element (170) arranged in the top end closure or in the bottom end closure. The heat exchanging element comprises at least one passage for allowing a flow of pressure medium through the heat exchanging element, and at least one circuit for allowing a circulation of cooling medium within the at least one circuit for a cooling of the pressure medium.