The present application relates to a fuel cell and a method of manufacturing the same.

In a fine silver particle dispersing solution wherein 30 to 75% by weight of fine silver particles, which are coated with an organic acid having a carbon number of 5 to 8 or a derivative thereof and which have an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, are dispersed in a water-based dispersion medium which is a solvent containing water as a main component, the fine silver particle dispersing solution containing ammonia and nitric acid, there is added 0.15 to 0.6% by weight of a surface regulating agent, which preferably contains a polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or a polyether, or 0.005 to 0.6% by weight of an antifoaming agent which is preferably a silicone antifoaming agent.

The present disclosure is directed to methods for producing indium nanoparticles. The methods comprise dissolving indium chloride in a solution that includes a solvent and a surfactant, adding a reducing agent to the reaction mixture to form an agglomerate of In nanoparticles, and exposing the reaction mixture to a gas including oxygen to disperse the agglomerate into a plurality of individual indium nanoparticles.

A complex includes a flat plate-like metal fine particle formed of at least one type of metal or a compound thereof and at least one piece of finely-disintegrated cellulose combined with the flat plate-like metal fine particle. At least a part of each piece of the finely-disintegrated cellulose is incorporated into the flat plate-like metal fine particle, and a remaining part is exposed from a surface of the flat plate-like metal fine particle.

A process for making silver nanostructures, which includes the step of reacting at least one polyol and at least one silver compound that is capable of producing silver metal when reduced, in the presence of: (a) a source of chloride or bromide ions, and (b) at least one copolymer that comprises: (i) one or more first constitutional repeating units that each independently comprise at least one pendant saturated or unsaturated, five-, six-, or seven-membered, acylamino- or diacylamino-containing heterocylic ring moiety per constitutional repeating unit, and (ii) one or more second constitutional repeating units, each of which independently differs from the one or more first nonionic constitutional repeating units, and has a molecular weight of greater than or equal to about 500 grams per mole, is described herein.

A one-pot microwave synthesis of Fe.sub.0.65Pt.sub.0.35@Co allows systematic growth of the soft-magnet Co shell (0.6 nm to 2.7 nm thick) around the hard-magnet Fe.sub.0.65Pt.sub.0.35 core (5 nm in diameter). Controlled growth leads to a four-fold enhancement in energy product of the core-shell assembly as compared to the energy product of bare Fe.sub.0.65Pt.sub.0.35 cores. The simultaneous enhancement of coercivity and saturation moment reflects the onset of theoretically predicted exchange spring behavior. The demonstration of nanoscale exchange-spring magnets will result in improved high-performance magnet design for energy applications.

The present invention achieves a high-energy product using Ferromagnetic 3D elements such as nanowires and methods of making the same. The high energy products or magnets of the invention are able to achieve high magnetization and maintain the magnetic properties at a greater range of temperatures than currently known magnets. For example, a high energy product includes at least one material A selected from the group consisting essentially of Fe, Co, and Ni, wherein material A is in the form of nanowires formed by a solvothermal chemical process. A high energy product may also include at least one material A selected from the group consisting essentially of Fe, Co, and Ni, and at least one material B selected from the group consisting essentially of Fe, Co, and Ni, wherein material A and material B are in the form of an alloy of nanowires formed by a solvothermal chemical process.

Provided a production method for reducing the content level of sulfur and carbon which are impurities in nickel powder to improve the quality of nickel powder produced by a complexing reduction method. The method of producing nickel powder having low carbon and sulfur concentrations includes: a complexing treatment of adding a complexing agent to a nickel sulfate aqueous solution to form a solution containing nickel complex ions; maintaining the solution containing nickel complex ions at a solution temperature of 150 to 250 C. in a pressure vessel and blowing hydrogen gas into the solution containing nickel complex ions to perform hydrogen reduction to produce nickel powder; washing the nickel powder with water; and then roasting the nickel powder washed with water in a mixed gas atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen.

A method of forming rhenium coated metal particles includes directly mixing ammonium perrhenate with metal particles and converting the ammonium perrhenate to a rhenium coating on the metal particles. Other methods include forming rhenium coated cubic boron nitride particles and rhenium coated diamond particles. Components of tools may be manufactured using the rhenium coated metal particles, the rhenium coated cubic boron nitride particles and/or rhenium coated diamond particles.

A method for the production of MSn.sub.x nanoparticles, wherein M is an element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, In, Al, Ge, Pb, Bi, Ga, and 0<x10, the said method including synthesizing Sn nanoparticles by reducing a tin salt with a solution of a hydride in an anhydrous polar solvent, separating the solid Sn nanoparticles formed from the solution, and washing the Sn nanoparticles, synthesizing M nanoparticles by reducing a metal salt with a solution of a hydride in an anhydrous polar solvent, separating the solid M nanoparticles formed from the solution, and washing the M nanoparticles, mechanical mixing the Sn nanoparticles and the M nanoparticles to convert them into MSn.sub.x nanoparticles.