Multiple grooves are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the body of an insert holder. A first holding surface of an insert first holding part, which is inserted between a groove bottom and a first protrusion, and a first protrusion surface of the first protrusion make surface contact and said surfaces are sloped so as to approach the groove bottom as the first end is approached. A second holding surface of an insert second holding part, which is inserted between the groove bottom and a second protrusion, and a second protrusion surface of the second protrusion make surface contact and said surface are sloped so as to approach the groove bottom as the second end is approached.

An adzer bit includes a support member that defines a through hole that is configured to receive a fastener. The support member includes a cutting segment cap portion and a base portion. The support member also defines an annular slot that is axially disposed between the cutting segment cap portion and the base portion. A plurality of cutting segments are received and secured in the annular slot. The material of the plurality of cutting segments is harder than the material of the support member.

A rotary cutting tool includes a tool holder and a tool body releasably attached thereto. The tool body has a cutting portion that includes a peripheral insert pocket, for retaining a cutting insert. The tool holder includes an adjustment arrangement that includes a biasing member, movably attached to the tool holder, having a biasing portion. The cutting portion is adjustable between a non-flexed position and a flexed position. In the flexed position, the cutting portion is elastically deformed in a forward direction due to biasing engagement with the biasing portion, thereby adjusting the axial position of the insert pocket and thus the cutting insert.

Provided is a cutter apparatus for machining a difficult-to-machine material, the cutter apparatus including: a cutting tool body which has a fastening portion formed at a center thereof; one or more cutters which are installed on the cutting tool body, and have superhard insert tips fixed to end portions thereof, respectively; and an angle adjusting unit which is installed in an internal space of the cutters, and adjusts angles of the cutters by spreading or retracting the cutters, so that angles of the cutters may be easily adjusted in accordance with a condition for cutting a difficult-to-machine material, in order to prevent damage to the superhard insert tips when machining a difficult-to-machine material having high hardness and high toughness.

A low profile peripheral cutter (18) with stick blades (6). The cutter has a cutter body (30) and a flexible clamping disk (20) to clamp all blades. The flexible clamping disc includes a slot (24) between each cutting blade (6) in order to provide a plurality of blade clamping web wings (26) each of which acts like a deflection beam to hold the blades in position. Preferably, each web wing (26) covers one stick blade (6) and each web wing has two contacting pads (36, 38) to press each blade into its seating surface (44, 46) thereby holding the blade in position.

A milling tool includes an internal indexing mechanism arranged to displace an indexable cutting insert between an inner supported position and an outer indexing position. The indexable cutting insert has a multi-sided shape as seen in the direction of an insert centre axis and side support surfaces are included in the sides of the multi-sided indexable cutting insert. The internal indexing mechanism is arranged to provide a rectilinear movement along the shaft centre axis, between the inner supported position and the outer indexing position, wherein the indexable cutting insert is free to turn in both directions around the insert centre axis in the outer indexing position. An external indexing device for the milling tool and an indexing system is also provided. A disc member is configured with an annular geometry arranged to engage one of the side support surfaces and turn the indexable cutting insert toward the next index position.

A whirling tool for machining a workpiece, having: three or a multiple of three cutting plates, wherein each of the cutting plates comprises at least one cutting edge; a cutting plate holder having a plurality of cutting plate receptacles, wherein each of the cutting plate receptacles is configured to receive one of the cutting plates, wherein the cutting plate receptacles are disposed so as to be distributed in a circumferential direction across the cutting plate holder; and a plurality of fastening elements for releasably fastening the cutting plates in the cutting plate receptacles of the cutting plate holder; wherein the cutting plates comprise at least two different kinds of cutting plates, wherein at least one cutting plate of a first kind, and one cutting plate of a second kind are provided for each group of three cutting plates that are disposed beside one another on the cutting plate holder, wherein the cutting plate of the first kind differs from the cutting plate of the second kind by an overall geometry, by a dimension of the at least one cutting edge, and by a shape of the at least one cutting edge.

Methods, systems and tools are provided for controllable adjustment of a removal rate of cutting edges of rapidly rotating effectors of manually-guided material- and tissue-separating tools without significantly changing the rotation speed of the effectors or the position, orientation or the geometry of the effectors, and in particular, for precisely maintaining work space boundaries during material and tissue removal with effectors in rapidly rotating machine tools in surgery and freehand manufacturing to produce free-form surfaces. The manually-guided material-separating and tissue-separating tools and effectors allow controllable adjustment of the removal rate of the material-separating cutting edges of the effector by mechanically adjusting a position or orientation of at least one cutting edge cover at a constant rotation speed of the effector without appreciable change of the removal movement.

A movable fixture for milling rail heads of slide rails arranged in a track bed includes: a rotating milling head mounted in a milling head drive mechanism supported by a chassis. The milling head has at least one cutting tooth comprising several cutting plates for milling the rail heads and a disc-shaped tool carrier connected to the milling head drive mechanism. The tool carrier includes cassettes assembled with cutting plates arranged around their periphery. The cassettes are arranged in several carrier segments connected to the tool carrier so they can be detached. The cassettes are arranged peripherally on the tool carrier with at least two assembled cutting plates, the cassettes being different with regard to at least one of: a number of cutting teeth; distances of the cutting teeth from each other; rake angle of the individual cutting plates; or inclination angle of the individual cutting plates.

Described herein is an orbital drilling system that includes an orbital drilling machine and a cutter. The orbital drilling machine includes a spindle and an eccentric rotation mechanism. The spindle is rotatable about a cutter axis. The eccentric rotation mechanism is coupled to the spindle and configured to orbit the spindle about an orbital axis, offset from the cutter axis. The cutter is co-rotatably coupled to the spindle and comprises a plurality of cutting edges, collectively defining a cutting diameter of the cutter. The cutting diameter of the cutter is adjustable.