A vacuum adiabatic body according to an embodiment may include a first plate, a second plate, and a seal that seals a gap between the first plate and the second plate. Optionally, the vacuum adiabatic body according to an embodiment may include a support that maintains a vacuum space. Optionally, the vacuum adiabatic body according to an embodiment may include a heat transfer resistor that reduces an amount of heat transfer between the first plate and the second plate. Optionally, the vacuum adiabatic body may include a component coupling portion connected to at least one of the first or second plate so that a component is coupled thereto. Optionally, a tube passing through at least one of the first plate or the second plate may be provided. Optionally, the tube may be provided as a tube having a predetermined shape. Optionally, a filter metal provided on a bonding surface between the tube and the plate may be provided. Accordingly, the vacuum adiabatic body may be improved in productivity.

A scanner controller analyzes a position instruction in which a position in a world coordinate system and a position in a local coordinate system of a path of laser light are associated with each other and creates a movement command for a drive unit of a scanner based on the position of the local coordinate system. Further, the scanner controller calculates the current position of the scanner in the local coordinate system based on the position and attitude of a robot in the world coordinate system and the position in the world coordinate system in accordance with the position instruction. When the distance between the calculated position of the local coordinate system and the position in the local coordinate system in accordance with the position instruction is below a predetermined threshold, the scanner controller then determines to start machining and performs control of a drive unit of the scanner.

In some examples, manufacturing techniques for implantable medical devices are described. An example method may including positioning a metal housing component adjacent to a polymer housing component so that there is an interface between the metal housing component and the polymer housing component; and forming a seal at the interface between the metal housing component and the polymer housing component to join the metal housing component and the polymer housing component, wherein the joined metal housing component and the polymer housing component form at least a portion of housing for the implantable medical device, wherein the housing of the implantable medical device contains electronic circuitry.

A method for gas metal arc welding a first component formed of nitrided steel to a second component with reduced porosity in the weld is provided. A welding wire including a core surrounded by a tube is used to weld the components. The material of the core is formed of mild steel including 0.7 to 3.0 wt. % aluminum and 0.7 to 1.5 wt. % titanium. The material of the tube is formed entirely of low carbon steel. During the weld process, the nitrogen from the nitrided steel combines with the aluminum and titanium of the welding wire to form aluminum nitride and titanium nitride, instead of nitrogen bubbles which lead to high porosity. The method can be used to weld components used in automotive applications, for example to weld a ring gear and can of a flexplate, but alternatively could be used for another automotive or non-automotive applications.

A method for gas metal arc welding a first component formed of nitrided steel to a second component with reduced porosity in the weld is provided. A welding wire including a core surrounded by a tube is used to weld the components. The material of the core is formed of mild steel including 0.7 to 3.0 wt. % aluminum and 0.7 to 1.5 wt. % titanium. The material of the tube is formed entirely of low carbon steel. During the weld process, the nitrogen from the nitrided steel combines with the aluminum and titanium of the welding wire to form aluminum nitride and titanium nitride, instead of nitrogen bubbles which lead to high porosity. The method can be used to weld components used in automotive applications, for example to weld a ring gear and can of a flexplate, but alternatively could be used for another automotive or non-automotive applications.

A refrigerator includes a vacuum adiabatic body including a conductive resistance sheet providing a vacuum space that has a temperature between a temperature of an internal space and a temperature of an external space and is in a vacuum state, the conductive resistance sheet capable of resisting heat conduction between a first plate and a second plate, wherein at least one of the conductive resistance sheet and each of the first and second plates are welded to each other to create a welding part, wherein a plurality of regular beads are provided to a surface of the welding part, and wherein the plurality of regular beads includes: a parabolic inflection region provided at a center portion; linear regions respectively provided at both outsides of the inflection region; and edge regions respectively provided at outsides of the linear regions.

A refrigerator includes a vacuum adiabatic body including a conductive resistance sheet providing a vacuum space that has a temperature between a temperature of an internal space and a temperature of an external space and is in a vacuum state, the conductive resistance sheet capable of resisting heat conduction between a first plate and a second plate, wherein at least one of the conductive resistance sheet and each of the first and second plates are welded to each other to create a welding part, wherein a plurality of regular beads are provided to a surface of the welding part, and wherein the plurality of regular beads includes: a parabolic inflection region provided at a center portion; linear regions respectively provided at both outsides of the inflection region; and edge regions respectively provided at outsides of the linear regions.

A wheel manufacturing device for manufacturing a wheel having an annular core body configured by multiple segments and multiple free rollers rotatably provided around an annular axis of the core body includes: a holder that includes a center jig having a circular outer contour; and a laser welder that welds adjacent segments. The laser welder sets an optical axis of the laser in a direction orthogonal to an outer peripheral surface of the segment when welding a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the segment away from a central axis of the annular axis, and sets the optical axis in a direction inclined away from the central axis with respect to the direction orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the segment when welding a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the segment close to the central axis.

A wheel manufacturing device for manufacturing a wheel having an annular core body configured by multiple segments and multiple free rollers rotatably provided around an annular axis of the core body includes: a holder that includes a center jig having a circular outer contour; and a laser welder that welds adjacent segments. The laser welder sets an optical axis of the laser in a direction orthogonal to an outer peripheral surface of the segment when welding a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the segment away from a central axis of the annular axis, and sets the optical axis in a direction inclined away from the central axis with respect to the direction orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the segment when welding a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the segment close to the central axis.

A clamping apparatus for clamping shaped parts which may be welded along a welding contour by irradiation with a laser beam, includes a first clamping plate used as a holder for a first shaped part, a second clamping plate which is designed to apply a clamping force to the first shaped part and a second shaped part arranged thereon, an outer clamping jaw including a recess and an inner clamping jaw arranged in the recess, which together form the second clamping plate, a passage gap for a laser beam formed in sections between the outer clamping jaw and the inner clamping jaw, and one or more fastening elements which connect the outer clamping jaw with the inner clamping jaw in sections and which bridge the passage gap. The clamping apparatus includes a mirror element arranged such that a laser beam is reflected onto a section of the welding contour.