A method for applying an abrasive comprises: applying, to a substrate, the integral combination of: a self-braze material; and an abrasive embedded in the self-braze material; and securing the combination to the substrate.

The present invention accurately distinguishes a soldering material less likely to oxidize. A Cu core ball has a Cu ball having a predetermined size, and a solder layer coating the Cu ball. The Cu ball provides a space between a semiconductor package and a printed circuit board. The Cu core ball has the soldering material having lightness greater than or equal to 62.5 in L*a*b* color space subsequent to a heating storage test performed for 72 hours in a temperature-controlled bath at 150 C. with a temperature of 25 C. and 40% humidity, and the soldering material, prior to the heating storage test, having lightness greater than or equal to 65 in the L*a*b* color space and yellowness less than or equal to 7.0 in the L*a*b* color space.

A lead-free solder preform includes a core layer and adhesion layer coated over surfaces of the core layer, where the preform delivers the combined merits from constituent solder alloys of the core and adhesion layers to provide both high temperature performance and improved wetting in high-temperature solder applications such as die attach. The core layer may be formed of a Bi Alloy having a solidus temperature above 260 C., and the adhesion layer may be formed of Sn, a Sn alloy, a Bi alloy, In, or an In alloy having a solidus temperature below 245 C. The solder preform may be formed using techniques such as: (1) electroplating a core ribbon with an adhesion material, (2) cladding an adhesion material foil onto a core ribbon, and/or (3) dipping a core ribbon in a molten adhesion alloy bath to allow thin layers of adhesion material to adhere to a core ribbon.

An AlSiMgBi-based brazing material containing Si: 6.0% to 14.0%, Fe: 0.05% to 0.3%, Mg: 0.02% to 1.5%, Bi: 0.05% to 0.25%, Sr: 0.0001% to 0.1%, and a balance of Al and inevitable impurities, and satisfies (Bi+Mg)Sr0.1, is disposed on both surfaces of a core material, MgBi-based compounds of the brazing material with a diameter of 0.1 m or more and less than 5.0 m in terms of equivalent circle diameter are more than 20 in number in 10,000 m.sup.2 and the MgBi-based compounds with diameter of 5.0 m or more are less than 2 in number in 10,000 m.sup.2, the core material contains Mn: 0.8% to 1.8%, Si: 0.01% to 1.0%, Fe: 0.1% to 0.5%, and a balance of Al and inevitable impurities, and a cathode current density of a brazing material layer after a brazing heat treatment is 0.1 mA/cm.sup.2 or less.

An aluminum alloy clad material having four layers includes: a sacrificial material on one surface of a core material; and an AlSiMgBi-based brazing material which clads the other surface thereof on one surface of the sacrificial material on an opposite side to the core material, the brazing material containing Si: 6.0% to 14.0%, Mg: 0.05% to 1.5%, Bi: 0.05% to 0.25%, Sr: 0.0001% to 0.1%, and Al balance, and satisfying (Bi+Mg)Sr0.1, MgBi-based compounds contained in the brazing material with a diameter of 0.1-5.0 m are more than 20 in number per 10,000-m.sup.2 and the MgBi-based compounds with a diameter of 5.0 m or more are less than 2 before brazing, and the core material contains Mn: 1.0% to 1.7%, Si: 0.2% to 1.0%, Fe: 0.1% to 0.5%, Cu: 0.1% to 0.7%, and a balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities.

A sacrificial material on one surface of a core material, a Al brazing material containing Si: 6.0% to 14.0%, Mg: 0.05% to 1.5%, Bi: 0.05% to 0.25%, Sr: 0.0001% to 0.1%, and Al balance and satisfying (Bi+Mg)Sr0.1 is disposed on the other surface, Mg-Bi-based compounds of the brazing material with a diameter of 0.1-5.0 m are more than 20 per 10,000-m.sup.2 and the Mg-Bi-based compounds with a diameter of 5.0 m or more are less than 2 before brazing, the core material contains Mn: 1.0% to 1.7%, Si: 0.2% to 1.0%, Fe: 0.1% to 0.5%, Cu: 0.08% to 1.0%, Mg: 0.1% to 0.7%, and Al balance, the sacrificial material contains Zn: 0.5% to 6.0% and Mg of which a content is limited to 0.1% or less, and a Mg concentration on a surface of the sacrificial material after brazing is 0.15% or less.

An aluminum alloy clad material includes: a sacrificial material on one surface of a core material; and an AlSiMgBi-based brazing material disposed on other surface of the core material, contains, by mass %, Si: 6.0% to 14.0%, Mg: 0.05% to 1.5%, Bi: 0.05% to 0.25%, Sr: 0.0001% to 0.1%, and a balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, and satisfies a relationship of (Bi+Mg)Sr0.1 by mass %, in which MgBi-based compounds contained in the AlSiMgBi-based brazing material with a diameter of 0.1 m or more and less than 5.0 m are more than 20 in number per 10,000-m.sup.2 and the MgBi-based compounds with a diameter of 5.0 m or more are less than 2 in number, and the core material contains Mn: 0.9% to 1.7%, Si: 0.2% to 1.0%, Fe: 0.1% to 0.5%, Cu: 0.08% to 1.0%, and a balance consisting of Al and inevitable impurities.

A suppressor having a body and a first connector half coupled to the body, wherein the first connector half includes a first component that includes at least one channel and a first surface; and wherein the body provides a second surface, wherein a gap between the first surface and the second surface defines at least one track; wherein the gun includes a second connector half comprising at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusion and channel have corresponding shapes that allow the protrusion to be inserted through the channel and into alignment with the track, wherein the first component may be rotated with respect to the protrusion and the body to bring the protrusion out of alignment with the channel so that the first and second surfaces clamp the protrusion to thereby secure the first connector half and second connector half with respect to each other.

In one aspect, articles are described herein comprising composite claddings which, in some embodiments, demonstrate desirable properties including thermal conductivity, transverse rupture strength, fracture toughness, wear resistance and/or erosion resistance. Briefly, an article described herein comprises a metallic substrate, and a cladding adhered to the metallic substrate, the cladding comprising at least 10 weight percent of sintered cemented carbide pellets dispersed in matrix metal or matrix alloy, the sintered cemented carbide pellets having a spherical shape, spheroidal shape, or a mixture of spherical and spheroidal shapes.

An aluminum alloy brazing sheet is disclosed including a core material made of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, one side or both sides of the core material, being clad with a brazing material, with an intermediate material interposed between the core material and the brazing material, the intermediate material including 0.4 to 6 mass % of Mg, further including at least one of Mn, Cr, and Zr, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, having the Mn content not more than 2.0 mass %, the Cr content not more than 0.3 mass %, and the Zr content not more than 0.3 mass %, with the total content of Mn, Cr, and Zr being at least 0.1 mass %, the brazing material including 4 to 13 mass % of Si, and the balance being Al and inevitable.