According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a flux-cored wire including a steel sheath and a flux that fills the steel sheath. The flux contains fluorides of which a total value α of F-equivalent values is 0.21% or more, oxides of which the total value β of amounts ranges from 0.30% to less than 3.50%, and carbonates of which a total value of amounts ranges from 0% to 3.50%. An amount of CaO ranges from 0% to less than 0.20%. An amount of iron powder ranges from 0% to less than 10.0%. A X-value is 5.0% or less. The amount of CaF.sub.2 is less than 0.50%. The amount of Ti oxides ranges from 0.10% to less than 2.50%. A ratio of α to β ranges from 0.10 to 4.00. A total value of amounts of MgCO.sub.3, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, and LiCO.sub.3 ranges from 0% to 3.00%. Other chemical composition is within a predetermined range. Ceq ranges from 0.45% to 1.20%.

A method for producing a brazing wire consists of unwinding a solid metal or metal alloy wire, of circular or substantially circular cross-section and subjecting the wire to a stamping operation between rotating rollers, the periphery of which respectively having a die for receiving the full wire and a punch capable of deforming the wire and of generating a U-shaped cross-section across substantially the entire original diameter of the wire. The method also consists of filling the volume defined by the U using brazing flux or pickling flux in a powder or paste form and closing the arms of the U, after filling of the volume with the flux, one on top of the other with the end of one of the arms of the U overlapping the other. The method also consists of calibrating and shaping the resulting wire, according to the desired diameter and cross-section.

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of surface coating, and particularly relates to a flux-cored welding wire, a preparation method and use thereof, a porous coating and a preparation method thereof. The disclosure provides a flux-cored welding wire, including a core wire and a sheath, where the core wire includes the following components by mass percentage: 15.0-30.0% of Cr, 1.5-2.5% of Si, 5.0-10.0% of Ni, 1.0-5.0% of TiH.sub.2, and Fe as balance; and the sheath is made of steel. Test results of examples show that, the porous coating obtained by supersonic arc spraying the flux-cored welding wire provided by the disclosure has a porosity of up to 46% and a coating adhesive strength of 45 MPa, which are desired.

A welding method using embodiments of electrodes (100) with coaxial power feed. The electrode comprises a metal cylinder (105) defining a hollow core (110). The hollow core provides a conduit for delivering core feed materials (150) therebetween via a delivery means (200). The cylinder may be formed of pure metals or extrudable alloys for forming a desired superalloy material composition; while the delivered core feed materials comprise a balance of compositional constituents for forming the desired superalloy material composition. The resulting deposit achieves the desired superalloy composition as a result of at least a combination of the cylinder materials and core feed materials. The electrode may further include a flux coating (120) surrounding the cylinder. The flux material may also contribute to the desired superalloy composition as a result of the weld operation.

A Ni-based alloy flux cored wire includes a Ni-based alloy outer sheath and a flux with which the Ni-based alloy outer sheath is filled, and includes, per a total mass of the wire, Ni: 45 mass % to 75 mass %, Cr: 20 mass % or less, Mo: 10 mass % to 20 mass %, Fe: 10.0 mass % or less, TiO.sub.2: 3 mass % to 11 mass %, Ca: 0.01 mass % to 2.0 mass %, F: 1.0 mass % or less (including 0 mass %), and Nb: less than 0.5 mass % (including 0 mass %).

The invention relates to a method for producing a welding wire that includes the steps of providing a hollow wire, through at least part of which at least one cavity extends; producing the welding wire by introducing a welding material containing titanium aluminide or at least one nickel-based superalloy into the at least one cavity, the at least one cavity being evacuated or being filled with a protective gas before, during and/or after the introduction of the welding material, and the hollow wire being formed from nickel if the welding material contains the at least one nickel-based superalloy. Further aspects of the invention relate to a welding wire and to a component having at least one component region obtained by hardfacing using at least one such welding wire.

Systems and methods for low-manganese welding alloys are disclosed. An example arc welding consumable may comprise: between 0.4 and 1.0 wt% manganese; strengthening agents selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, copper, carbon, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, silicon, and boron; and grain control agents selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, and boron. The grain control agents may comprise greater than 0.06 wt% and less than 0.6 wt% of the welding consumable. The resulting weld deposit may comprise a tensile strength greater than or equal to 70 ksi, a yield strength greater than or equal to 58 ksi, a ductility (as measured by percent elongation) of at least 22%, and a Charpy V-notch toughness greater than or equal to 20 ft-lbs at -20° F. The welding consumable may provide a manganese fume generation rate less than 0.01 grams per minute during the arc welding operation.

Steel weld metal compositions can include from 10.75 to 12.00 wt % chromium, from 0.09 to 0.13 wt % carbon, from 0.2 to 0.5 wt % manganese, from 0.1 to 0.3 wt % silicon, from 0.2 to 0.7 wt % nickel, from 0.1 to 0.5 wt % molybdenum, from 0.8 to 1.2 wt % cobalt, from 0.03 to 0.08 wt % niobium, from 0.8 to 1.2 wt % tungsten, from 0.3 to 0.8 wt % copper, from 0.10 to 0.15 wt % vanadium, from 0.01 to 0.05 wt % titanium, from 0.005 to 0.010 wt % boron, from 0.005 to 0.015 wt % nitrogen; wherein the balance of the steel weld metal composition is iron and unavoidable impurities. Methods of depositing the steel weld metal compositions on a workpiece by an electric arc welding process are also described. Consumable electric arc welding electrodes producing high chromium creep resistant steel weld metal compositions are also described.

Steel weld metal compositions can include from 9.00 to 12.00 wt % chromium, from 0.02 to 0.06 wt % carbon, from 0.3 to 0.7 wt % manganese, from 0.1 to 0.3 wt % silicon, from 0.5 to 1.2 wt % nickel, from 0.1 to 0.5 wt % molybdenum, from 1.0 to 1.5 wt % cobalt, from 0.03 to 0.08 wt % niobium, from 0.2 to 0.8 wt % tungsten, from 0.3 to 0.8 wt % copper, from 0.005 to 0.010 wt % boron, and from 0.005 to 0.025 wt % nitrogen; wherein the balance of the steel weld metal composition is iron and unavoidable impurities. Methods of depositing the steel weld metal compositions on a workpiece by an electric arc welding process are also described without the use of a post weld heat treatment. Consumable electric arc welding electrodes producing high chromium creep resistant steel weld metal compositions are also described.

A flux cored welding electrode includes a ferrous metal sheath and a core within the sheath including core ingredients, the core ingredients including, in weight percent based on the total weight of the flux cored welding electrode: 2.0-3.0 aluminum, 1.0-2.0 manganese, and 0.001-0.5 rare earth metal oxide including three or more of Cerium (Ce), Lanthanum (La), Neodymium (Nd) and Praseodymium (Pr).