The present disclosure is directed to a tubular welding electrode with a sheath encapsulating a flux core, where the sheath comprises a number of added pores. The added pores may provide escape paths for the outgassing of moisture and hydrocarbons from the flux core when the tubular welding electrode is baked. In addition, the added pores may be used to hold a liquid, such as a lubricant. The added pores may be introduced using a process such as laser drilling or chemical etching, and may be added to a strip of sheath material prior to forming the strip into a tubular welding electrode.

A flux-cored wire comprising a flux which is a core and a hoop which is an outer skin or sheath is described. The flux includes a strong deoxidizing metal element containing Mg and Al, and a fluoride powder. At least 60 mass % of a strong deoxidizing metal powder related to the strong deoxidizing metal element has a grain size of at most 150 μm. At least 60 mass % of the fluoride powder has a grain size of at most 75 μm. The flux is present at a concentration of 10-30 mass % relative to a total mass of the flux-cored wire. The flux-cored wire also requires a specific composition of elements.

A brazing material for brazing a brazed plate heat exchanger comprising a number of heat exchanger plates being provided with a pressed pattern of ridges and grooves adapted to provide contact points between neighbouring heat exchanger plates, such that the heat exchanger plates are kept on a distance from one another and such that interplate flow channels for media to exchange heat are formed between the heat exchanger plates comprises a brazing alloy comprising at least one melting point depressing element and metals resembling the composition of the heat exchanger plates. The brazing material comprises a mixture between grains of a melting brazing material having solidus and liquidus temperatures lower than a brazing temperature and a non-melting brazing material having solidus and liquidus temperatures above the brazing temperature. The ratio between the melting and non-melting brazing materials is such that an alloy formed by the melting and non-melting brazing materials has a solidus temperature lower than the brazing temperature and a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature.

An iron-based alloy composition including: boron (B): 1.6-2.4 wt. %; carbon (C): 2.2-3.0 wt. %; chromium (Cr): 3.5-5.0 wt. %; manganese (Mn): below 0.8 wt. %; molybdenum (Mo): 16.0-19.5 wt. %; nickel (Ni): 1.0-2.0 wt. %; silicon (Si): 0.2-2.0 wt. %; vanadium (V): 10.8-13.2 wt. %; and balanced with iron (Fe). Further, an item including a substrate portion and a hardfacing coating bonded to the substrate portion, wherein the hardfacing coating is made by an overlay welding process using the iron-based alloy composition.

The disclosed technology generally relates welding electrodes, and more particularly to consumable welding electrodes having functional coatings. In one aspect, a welding electrode comprises a core wire having a base metal composition and two or more coatings covering at least a portion of the core wire. The two or more coatings comprise an electrically conductive coating including one or more electrically conducting elements or compounds in addition to or other than copper (Cu). The two or more coatings additionally comprises an additional functional coating including one or more additional elements or compounds adapted to modify a surface tension of a molten droplet formed from the welding electrode. In another aspect, a method of manufacturing a welding electrode comprises providing the core wire having the base metal composition and forming the two or more coating layers.

A brazing material for brazing a brazed plate heat exchanger comprising a number of heat exchanger plates being provided with a pressed pattern of ridges and grooves adapted to provide contact points between neighbouring heat exchanger plates, such that the heat exchanger plates are kept on a distance from one another and such that interplate flow channels for media to exchange heat are formed between the heat exchanger plates comprises a brazing alloy comprising at least one melting point depressing element and metals resembling the composition of the heat exchanger plates. The brazing material comprises a mixture between grains of a melting brazing material having solidus and liquidus temperatures lower than a brazing temperature and a non-melting brazing material having solidus and liquidus temperatures above the brazing temperature. The ratio between the melting and non-melting brazing materials is such that an alloy formed by the melting and non-melting brazing materials has a solidus temperature lower than the brazing temperature and a liquidus temperature higher than the brazing temperature.

A weld structure includes a first stainless steel member and a second stainless steel member. A crevice made by welding is defined by welding an end of the first stainless steel member and a portion other than an end of the second stainless steel member. A portion close to the end of the first stainless steel member is formed as a weld metal portion by performing welding heat input on the portion close to the end of the first stainless steel member. In the crevice made by welding, a length L.sub.B from a boundary between the weld metal portion and a raw material portion to a crevice deepest portion and a crevice length L.sub.C from the crevice deepest portion to a 40 μm-width position satisfy L.sub.C<L.sub.B.

An arc welding solid wire includes: a steel material; and a copper plating layer formed on a surface of the steel material, in which an amount of Cu in the steel material and the copper plating layer is 0.05 mass % to 0.30 mass % with respect to a total mass of the wire, a surface of the wire is coated with 0.05 g to 0.20 g of oil with respect to 1 kg of the wire, and on a surface of the copper plating layer, an arithmetic average roughness Rac in a circumferential direction is 0.25 .Math.m to 1.00 .Math.m, and an arithmetic average roughness Ral in a longitudinal direction is 0.07 .Math.m to 0.50 .Math.m.

A steel sheet for the manufacture of a press hardened part is provided, having a composition of: 0.15%≤C≤0.22%, 3.5%≤Mn<4.2%, 0.001%≤Si≤1.5%, 0.020%≤Al≤0.9%, 0.001%≤Cr≤1%, 0.001%≤Mo≤0.3%, 0.001%≤Ti≤0.040%, 0.0003%≤B≤0.004%, 0.001%≤Nb≤0.060%, 0.001%≤N≤0.009%, 0.0005%≤S≤0.003%, 0.001%≤P≤0.020%. A microstructure has less than 50% ferrite, 1% to 20% retained austenite, cementite, such that the surface density of cementite particles larger than 60 nm is lower than 10{circumflex over ( )}7/mm.sup.2, and a complement of bainite and/or martensite, the retained austenite having an average Mn content of at least 1.1*Mn %. Press-hardened steel part obtained by hot forming the steel sheet, and manufacturing methods thereof.

The disclosure describes example techniques and assemblies for joining a first component and a second component. The techniques may include positioning the first and second component adjacent to each other to define a joint region between adjacent portions of the first component and the second component. The techniques may also include inserting a solid retainer material into the joint region through an aperture in one of the first component or the second component to form a mechanical interlock between the first component and the second component and sealing the aperture to retain the solid retainer material within the joint region. The solid retainer material includes at least one of a metal, a metal alloy, or a ceramic.