Provided is a flux-cored arc welding material having remarkable impact resistance and abrasion resistance. The flux-cored arc welding material having remarkable impact resistance and abrasion resistance comprises: 0.1-0.75 wt % of C; 0.2-1.2 wt % of Si; 15-27 wt % of Mn; 2-7 wt % of Cr; 0.01 wt % or less of S; 0.018 wt % or less of P; 4.3-15 wt % of TiO.sub.2; 0.01-9 wt % of at least one selected from the group consisting of SiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2O.sub.3; and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities. Further provided are a welding joint capable of all-position welding and having remarkable weldability, low temperature impact toughness and abrasion resistance, and thus a welding material very preferably applied to the manufacture of pipes used in the oil sand industry field and the like.

The exposed metal tip of the strike end of an SMAW welding electrode is covered with a protective coating formed from a binder and metal particles. Because metal particles rather than graphite particles are used to provide electrical conductivity to this protective coating, flare-up of the arc when initially struck is eliminated substantially completely. In addition, the potential for weld porosity problems is also eliminated, because the metal particles of the inventive electrode do not produce CO.sub.2 as a reaction by-product which can ultimately lead to improper welding technique.

Provided is a flux for submerged arc welding that has good welding workability and can reduce the diffusion hydrogen content in a weld metal using either an AC or a DC welding power source. The flux includes Al.sub.2O.sub.3: 15 to 35% by mass; SiO.sub.2: 10 to 30% by mass; MgO: 10 to 25% by mass; F expressed in terms of CaF.sub.2: 10 to 25% by mass; Mn expressed in terms of MnO: 3 to 20% by mass; Na expressed in terms of Na.sub.2O and/or K expressed in terms of K.sub.2O: 0.5 to 4.5% by mass in total; Fe expressed in terms of FeO: 0.5 to 8% by mass; and CaO: 6% by mass or less. A water-soluble SiO.sub.2 in the flux is less than 1% by mass. In addition, the flux has a composition that satisfies the following formula: 0.2[Mg/O]/([Al.sub.2O.sub.3]+[MnO])0.8.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

Provided is a welding method using a special torch and a flux cored wire, in which the special torch has a suction nozzle between the contact tip and the shield nozzle, and the flux cored wire has a flux filled inside the steel outer casing, and a seam portion where both ends of a metal in a width direction of the steel outer casing are butted or overlapped in a longitudinal direction of the flux cored wire.

A flux-cored wire for carbon dioxide gas shielded arc welding including, in terms of % by mass with respect to a total mass of the wire, 0.03 to 0.08% of C, 0.2 to 0.7% of Si, 1.4 to 3.0% of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5% of Cu, 0.8 to 3.0% of Ni, 0.05 to 0.5% of Ti, 0.002 to 0.015% of B, 0.05% or less of Al, 4 to 8% in terms of TiO.sub.2, 0.1 to 0.6% of in terms of SiO.sub.2, 0.02 to 0.3% in terms of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1 to 0.8% of Mg, 0.05 to 0.3% in terms of F, 0.05 to 0.3% in terms of Na and K in a fluorine compound, 0.05 to 0.2% of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O, and 0.2% or less in terms of ZrO.sub.2.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.

Provided is a metal powder sintering paste having a high resistance to thermal stress. The present invention provides a metal powder sintering paste containing silver particles having an average particle diameter (median diameter) of 0.3 m to 5 m as a main component, further containing inorganic spacer particles having a CV value (standard deviation/average value) of less than 5%, and containing substantially no resin.

A wire including, in terms of % by mass with respect to a total mass of the wire, as a total in a steel outer skin and a flux, 0.03 to 0.08% of C, 0.1 to 0.6% of Si, 1.2 to 2.5% of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5% of Cu, 0.5 to 1.5% of Ni, 0.05 to 0.5% of Ti, 0.002 to 0.015% of B, and 0.05% or less of Al, and further including, in the flux, 4 to 8% in terms of TiO.sub.2, 0.1 to 0.6% of in terms of SiO.sub.2, 0.02 to 0.3% in terms of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0.1 to 0.8% of Mg, 0.05 to 0.3% in terms of F, 0.05 to 0.3% in terms of Na and K in a fluorine compound, 0.05 to 0.2% of Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O, and 0.2% or less in terms of ZrO.sub.2.

A system for producing chemicals, such as, ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature (above 1100 degrees C.) having a feedstock source. The system includes a chemical conversion portion connected with the feedstock source to receive feedstock and convert the feedstock to ethylene or gasoline. The conversion portion includes a coil array and a furnace that heats the feedstock to temperatures in excess of 1100 C. or 1200 C. or even 1250 C. or even 1300 C. or even 1400 C. A method for producing chemicals, such as ethylene or gasoline, at high temperature.