A method of making a flowcell includes bonding a first surface of an organic solid support to a surface of a first inorganic solid support via a first bonding layer, wherein the organic solid support includes a plurality of elongated cutouts. The method further includes bonding a surface of a second inorganic solid support to a second surface of the organic solid support via a second bonding layer, so as to form the flowcell. The formed flowcell includes a plurality of channels defined by the surface of the first inorganic solid support, the surface of the second inorganic solid support, and walls of the elongated cutouts.

Described herein are polyphenylene sulfide (“PPS”) polymers having excellent transparency to infrared (“IR”) radiation. It was surprisingly discovered that PPS polymer composition including PPS polymers having a selected metal ion (Ca, K, and Mg) concentration at least 400 parts per million by weight (“ppm”), had significantly increase IR transparency, relative to corresponding PPS polymer compositions including a PPS polymer having a selected metal ion concentration less than 400 ppm. Additionally, described herein are methods for laser welding the PPS polymer compositions.

Described herein are various embodiments directed to rotor devices, methods, and systems. Embodiments of rotors disclosed herein may be used to characterize one or more analytes of a fluid. A method may include bonding a first layer and a second layer using two-shot injection molding. The first layer coupled to the second layer may collectively define a set of wells. The first layer may be substantially transparent. The second layer may define a channel. The second layer may be substantially absorbent to infrared radiation. A third layer may be bonded to the second layer using infrared radiation. The third layer may define an opening configured to receive a fluid. The third layer may be substantially transparent. The channel may establish a fluid communication path between the opening and the set of wells.

A piping system for an air conditioner that includes a refrigerant pipe that is formed of a plastic material and has a multi-layered pipe structure including an outer layer and an inner layer. The piping system provides a fluid flow between parts constituting the air conditioner system. A first flange formed of the plastic material and providing a connection between the refrigerant pipe and components constituting the air conditioner system. A second flange formed of the plastic material and connected to a charging valve for injecting a refrigerant into the refrigerant pipe.

A system includes a first tubular member comprising a first polymer and a second tubular member comprising a second polymer. The first tubular member defines a lumen configured to receive at least a portion of the second tubular member therein to define a joint region. The system further includes a compression sleeve configured to receive at least a portion of the first tubular member at the joint region and an energy source comprising a fiber laser configured to deliver energy to the joint region to thermally weld the first tubular member to the second tubular member. In some examples, the energy includes a wavelength of radiation transmittable through the compression sleeve and the first tubular member, and absorbable by the first tubular member and the second tubular member.

The present disclosure relates to a battery module that includes a housing having a first protruding shelf along a first perimeter of the housing, a second protruding shelf along a second perimeter of the housing, where the first and second protruding shelves each include an absorptive material configured to absorb a first laser emission. The battery module also includes an electronics compartment cover configured to be coupled to the housing via a first laser weld, and a cell receptacle region cover configured to be coupled to the housing via a second laser weld. The electronics compartment cover has a first transparent material configured to transmit the first laser emission toward the first protruding shelf and the cell receptacle region cover has a second transparent material configured to transmit the first laser emission or a second laser emission toward the second protruding shelf.

A manufacturing method for a liquid flow-path member including a flow path between a first substrate and a second substrate layered together, the method including a welding step for welding the first substrate and the second substrate together, in which in the method, the first substrate is formed of a material that blocks ultraviolet light and absorbs laser light, the second substrate is formed of a material that blocks ultraviolet light and transmits laser light, and in which the welding step includes melting, with laser light passing through the second member, a joint surface where the first member and the second member are joined to weld the first member and the second member together.

A method for curing an adhesive composition includes: arranging an adhesive composition that transmits laser light of a first wavelength in contact with a surface of a first adherend that contains, at least at its surface, a first light-to-heat conversion material that generates heat by absorbing laser light of the first wavelength; and curing the adhesive composition by irradiating the adhesive composition and the first adherend with laser light of the first wavelength. In a method for manufacturing a bonded structure, a first bonded structure is manufactured by bonding the adhesive composition to the first adherend by using the method for curing an adhesive composition.

To provide a polyamide resin composition that contains a halogen-containing flame retardant, which excels in flame retardance, well suppressed from degrading the transmittance due to darkening, and such molded article. The polyamide resin composition contains a polyamide resin, 1 to 10% by mass of a halogen-containing flame retardant, and 1 to 5% by mass of antimony oxide, the polyamide resin composition having a phosphorus atom concentration of 1.50×10.sup.−2% by mass or less.

Described herein are polyphenylene sulfide (“PPS”) polymers having excellent transparency to infrared (“IR”) radiation. It was surprisingly discovered that PPS polymer composition including PPS polymers having a selected metal ion (Ca, K, and Mg) concentration at least 400 parts per million by weight (“ppm”), had significantly increase IR transparency, relative to corresponding PPS polymer compositions including a PPS polymer having a selected metal ion concentration less than 400 ppm. Additionally, described herein are methods for laser welding the PPS polymer compositions.