An example system comprises a water-soluble unit dose article comprising a fibrous non-woven sheet shaped to form a sealed internal compartment and a granular laundry detergent comprised within the internal compartment. The sheet comprises fibres which comprise polyvinyl alcohol polymer. The granular laundry detergent comprises perfume particles. The system also comprises sealing jaws, whereby at least one of the sealing jaws is a heated sealing jaw. A top seal of the internal compartment is sandwiched between the jaws. A first of said jaws comprises a flat portion along a longitudinal direction of the seal. The flat portion has a flat portion width along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the seal. The flat portion width has a dimension of more than 3 times and of less than 20 times a thickness of the water-soluble fibrous non-woven sheet.

An example system comprises a water-soluble unit dose article comprising a fibrous non-woven sheet shaped to form a sealed internal compartment and a granular laundry detergent comprised within the internal compartment. The sheet comprises fibres which comprise polyvinyl alcohol polymer. The granular laundry detergent comprises perfume particles. The system also comprises sealing jaws, whereby at least one of the sealing jaws is a heated sealing jaw. A top seal of the internal compartment is sandwiched between the jaws. A first of said jaws comprises a protruding portion along a longitudinal direction of the seal. The protruding portion has a base along a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the seal. The base has a dimension of more than 3 times and of less than 20 times a thickness of the water-soluble fibrous non-woven sheet.

A joining system includes a holding fixture assembly configured to hold a fuselage skin. The stringers are temporarily attached to the fuselage skin. The joining system includes an upper beam assembly including an upper beam and a lower beam assembly. The lower beam assembly includes a lower beam and at least one lower heating element. The holding fixture assembly is coupled to the upper beam assembly. The holding fixture assembly is coupled to the lower beam assembly. The upper beam is movable relative to the lower beam to clamp the at least one of the plurality of stringers and the fuselage skin together prior to and during welding.

A method of joining strip-shaped sheets includes a support step of placing a support member in contact with a reverse feed direction end of a strip-shaped sheet fed to a pressing machine and a feed direction end of a new strip-shaped sheet, and a joining step of joining the new strip-shaped sheet to the strip-shaped sheet by attaching a tape on the reverse feed direction end of the strip-shaped sheet and the feed direction end of the new strip-shaped sheet, wherein in the joining step, the tape is attached from a side opposite the support member with the support member placed in contact with the reverse feed direction end of the strip-shaped sheet and the feed direction end of the new strip-shaped sheet. The problem of the variation in welding quality encountered when welding thin and wide strip-shaped sheets together is resolved and the strip-shaped sheet is fed smoothly.

A fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin member welding method includes: heating, by a heating unit, a welding target portion in which plural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin members layered on top of each other, each of the plural fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin members including thermoplastic resin as a main composition, and the thermoplastic resin including reinforcing fibers; applying pressure, by a pressure applying unit, to the welding target portion; and cooling, by a cooling unit, at least a surface of the welding target portion at the same time as when the welding target portion is being heated by the heating unit or after the welding target portion has been heated by the heating unit.

A fusion bonding process for polymeric components and welding heads for use in the process are described. Methods and devices can be utilized to weld polymer-based structural components to one another by use of an enhanced friction stir welding technology that combines heating, pressure, and polymer agitation to form a highly secure joint between polymeric structural components and a short fiber reinforced thermoplastic connection element.

A method for manufacturing a fuel cell assembly includes: arranging an end face of a gas diffusion layer on a placement jig in a state abutting an end face of a resin frame; melting a part of the frame member and causing to penetrate into the gas diffusion layer by pressurizing the projecting part by way of a heat-transfer member, and heating the projecting part via the heat-transfer member by abutting a heating member against of the heat-transfer member; and solidifying the part of the resin frame having penetrated into the gas diffusion layer, in which an abutting position of the heating member relative to the heat transfer member is set in the melting step so that a central axis of the heating member is positioned more to a side of the gas diffusion layer than the central axis of the projecting part.

The plastic preheating arrangement for a plastic welding device comprises a support, at least one first preheating device and a pivoting arrangement with which the at least one first preheating device can be pivoted relative to a first surface of the support from a starting position into a preheating position. In this manner, an undercut of a first component can be circumnavigated and the first component can be heated by means of the first preheating device.

A process and apparatus (1) for packaging a product (P) arranged on a tray (4) is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a packaging assembly (8) configured for tightly fixing one or more film sheets to one or more trays. The packaging assembly includes a lower tool (22) defining a prefixed number of seats (23) for receiving the trays and an upper tool (21) facing the lower tool and cooperating with the upper tool to define a packaging chamber (24). The packaging assembly (8) is configured to operate at least in a first operating condition, where said packaging chamber (24) is open, and in a second operating condition, where said packaging chamber (24) is hermetically closed. First injection apertures (90) are positioned in corner regions of the seat and are configured to inject streams of gas in a direction substantially parallel to and above the flange (4c) of a tray (4) positioned in said seat. The process includes the step of activating injection of a plurality of streams of gas through said first apertures (90) in order to form a controlled atmosphere inside the tray before closing the tray with the film.

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for joining a longitudinal seam in a tube, to an apparatus and method of joining a longitudinal seam in a tube in a borehole, to an apparatus and method of repairing a tube and to a pig. In an aspect an apparatus is provided for joining a longitudinal seam in a tube. The apparatus (200) includes a spool (202) for progressively unwinding a coiled member (10) into an extended form (12). The member (10) transitions from a flat form when coiled (11) to a slit tube form when extended (12), in which form the member is resiliently biased. A joining device (214) is positioned downstream of the spool arranged to provide energy to a portion of the member in its extended form to cause heating so as to progressively join together the longitudinal edges of the slit tube as the member passes the joining device. A longitudinal seam (20) is thereby formed in the tube.