A joint structure includes a first material (1), a second material (2) weldable to the first material, and a third material (3) at least a portion of which being sandwiched between the first material and the second material, having a through opening portion at the sandwiched portion, and including a material that is difficult to be welded to both the first material and the second material, the first material and the second material welded the via through opening portion. At least one of the first material and the second material is provided with a protrusion (14) inserted in the through opening portion. A first gap (4) is provided between an inner peripheral surface of the through opening portion and the protrusion. A second gap (5) is provided between the first material and the second material, the second gap having a size depending on a plate thickness of the first material in a region corresponding to the protrusion. Under a condition in which the second gap has a size of greater than or equal to 0.1 mm but less than or equal to 40% of the plate thickness of the first material in the region, the first material and the second material are welded by emitting a laser beam from a side on which the first material is disposed.

The method of metal-thermoplastic resin direct bonding is characterized by comprising a first step for irradiating a surface of the metal material with a pulse laser under an oxidizing atmosphere to form a surface modification region, a second step for causing the thermoplastic resin material to abut against the surface modification region to form a bonding interface, and a third step for heating up the bonding interface by laser irradiation to achieve bonding, the first step including forming metal oxide particle clusters obtained when metal oxide particles having a particle diameter of 5-500 nm to be continuously bonded at the surface modification region, so that the maximum height (Sz) of a surface of the metal oxide particle clusters is 50 nm-3 μm.

A method of bonding a composite vane to at least one support. The method includes positioning an end of a vane within a support, causing an adhesive to flow between the vane and the support from an inlet to an outlet, and reversing the flow of adhesive from the outlet towards the inlet.

A method of mechanically securing a first object including a thermoplastic material in a solid state to a second object with a generally flat sheet portion, with a perforation of the sheet portion, and with the sheet portion having an edge along the perforation is provided, wherein the first object is positioned relative to the second object so that the edge is in contact with the thermoplastic material and wherein mechanical vibration energy is coupled into the assembly including the first and second objects until a flow portion of the thermoplastic material due to friction heat generated between the edge and the thermoplastic material becomes flowable and flows around the edge to at least partially embed the edge in the thermoplastic material. After the mechanical vibration stops, the thermoplastic material is caused to re-solidify, whereby the re-solidified thermoplastic material at least partially embedding the edge anchors the first object in the second object.

To provide a metal-fiber reinforced resin material (FRP) composite having a good appearance even when used as an automobile outer panel and not deformed even after a coating and baking process. The metal-FRP composite of the invention has a laminated structure of three or more layers, having at least a metal layer, a fiber-reinforced resin material layer holding a reinforced fiber material in a layer constituted by a matrix resin, and a resin layer located between the metal layer and the fiber-reinforced resin material layer. The resin layer is a layer constituted by a room temperature curing adhesive or by a predetermined resin and the room temperature curing adhesive. An elastic modulus E of the resin layer is more than 0.1 MPa and 1000 MPa or less, and a thickness of the resin layer is 0.005 times or more and less than 7.500 times a thickness of the metal layer.

An axle strut for a vehicle having a shaft and two bearing regions. The axle strut has a supporting profile and two load-introducing elements. The supporting profile is formed from fiber reinforced plastics composite material. A first load-introducing element and a second load-introducing element are arranged at respective bearing region, and the supporting profile is arranged spatially between the two bearing regions. The supporting profile has a first connection area facing the first bearing region and a second connection area facing the second bearing region. Every load-introducing element has a receptacle. The supporting profile is connected by its first connection area and by the receptacle of the first load-introducing element to the first load-introducing element by an adhesive connection, and the supporting profile is connected by its second connection area and by the receptacle of the second load-introducing element to the second load-introducing element by a further adhesive connection.

An aluminum-based metal-resin composite structure (106) includes an aluminum-based metal member (103) in which a dendritic layer (103-2) is formed on at least a part of a surface, and a resin member (105) bonded to the aluminum-based metal member (103) via the dendritic layer (103-2) and formed of a thermoplastic resin composition, in which, when analysis is conducted with a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) on a surface (104) of a bonding portion with at least the resin member (105) in the aluminum-based metal member (103) and an absorbance of an absorption peak observed at 3400 cm.sup.−1 is defined as A.sub.1 and an absorbance at 3400 cm.sup.−1 of a straight line connecting an absorbance at 3800 cm.sup.−1 and an absorbance at 2500 cm.sup.−1 is defined as A.sub.0, an absorbance difference (A.sub.1−A.sub.0) is in a range of 0.03 or less.

In a manufacturing method of an assembly, the assembly including a metal part and a pipe, the pipe including a material containing a resin, an adhesive is first adhered to an outer circumferential surface of the pipe and a metal part covering at least a portion of an outer circumferential surface of the pipe. Here, an area to which the adhesive is adhered on the outer circumferential surface of the pipe is defined as an adhesion area. Next, by a heat source provided inside the pipe, a target area is heated without interposing the metal part. The target area is located radially interior to the adhesion area and located on an inner circumferential surface of the pipe.

In a preferred embodiment, a composite panel with a smooth outer surface, ready for painting with or without addition of primer, may be created by constructing a panel layup assembly upon a mold, the panel layup assembly including a composite panel having a core and a resin formulation, and a release film between the mold and the composite panel, where a smooth release surface of the release film is in contact with the composite panel upon construction; initiating curing of the composite panel at a first temperature within a lowermost ten percent of a curing temperature range of the resin formulation; continuing curing of the composite panel at a second temperature above the lowermost ten percent of the curing temperature range; and completing curing of the composite panel at a third temperature below the second temperature.

A heat plate lock assembly for a heat scaling machine may include clamp plates mounted on either side of a heater assembly that are movable relative to the heater assembly and engage and support a heat plate beneath a heater platen of the heater assembly. Lift arms may be mounted to and movable relative to the heater assembly, and operatively connected to the clamp plates so that movement of the lift arms causes movement of the clamp plates relative to the heater assembly. In an open position, the heat plate can be inserted between and removed from between the clamp plates. In a closed position, the clamp plates move the heat plate into contact with the heater platen and a lock mechanism engages the heater assembly to retain the heat plate lock assembly in the closed position.