Methods of production of edible filamentous fungal biomat formulations are provided as standalone protein sources and/or protein ingredients in foodstuffs as well as a one-time use or repeated use self-contained biofilm-biomat reactor comprising a container with at least one compartment and placed within the compartment(s), a feedstock, a fungal inoculum, a gas-permeable membrane, and optionally a liquid nutrient medium.

Disclosed is a method for fermenting Gynostemma pentaphyllum with antihypertensive effect, the method comprising the following steps: 1) pretreatment of Gynostemma pentaphyllum: crushing Gynostemma pentaphyllum raw tea to prepare a homogenate; 2) activation of Tibetan Kefir: activating Tibetan Kefir in sterile milk; and 3) fermentation of Gynostemma pentaphyllum: taking the homogenate of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, the sterile milk and the activated Tibetan Kefir for fermentation.

Methods of production of edible filamentous fungal biomat formulations are provided as standalone protein sources and/or protein ingredients in foodstuffs as well as a one-time use or repeated use self-contained biofilm-biomat reactor comprising a container with at least one compartment and placed within the compartment(s), a feedstock, a fungal inoculum, a gas-permeable membrane, and optionally a liquid nutrient medium.

Provided is a composition for preventing or improving impaired renal function, containing Bifidobacterium breve as an active ingredient. The composition for preventing or improving impaired renal function is capable of reducing blood creatinine levels. The composition for preventing or improving impaired renal function can also be used in a pharmaceutical composition or a food or beverage product composition.

Provided are Christensenella intestinihominis and an application thereof, specifically, use of Christensenella intestinihominis in treating and preventing obesity and related diseases thereof. Also provided are a composition for treating and preventing obesity and related diseases thereof, comprising compositions of drugs, drinks, food, or animal feed, and a method for reducing weight and/or blood lipid.

Provided are compositions and methods based in part on the discovery that Enterococcus faecium heterologous secreted antigen A (SagA)-produced peptidoglycan fragments are protective against enteric bacterial infections. Modified bacteria that are engineered to express heterologous SagA are provided, and are included a nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, and probiotic formulations, and as components of food products, including dairy products. The modified bacteria include modified Lactobacillus bacteria that express heterologous SagA. The disclosure includes a method that involves introducing into an individual modified bacteria of that express and secrete heterologous SagA. The disclosure provides isolated peptidoglycan fragment preparations made by a exposing a composition that contains peptidoglycan to an isolated or recombinant SagA, or to modified bacteria expressing a heterologous SagA, allowing SagA to generate the peptidoglycan fragments, and separating the peptidoglycan fragments from the composition to obtain the isolated peptidoglycan fragments or a preparation that contains them.

The disclosure discloses a compound milk-beer lyophilized fermentation microorganism agent as well as a preparation and application thereof. The microorganism agent comprises a lyophilized microorganism agent of Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus A3 and a lyophilized, microorganism agent of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TR2, wherein the ratio of the viable count of Kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus A3 to the viable count of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TR2 in the compound milk-beer lyophilized fermentation microorganism agent is (1.5-2.5):1. The compound fermentation microorganism agent can be applied in production of milk beer, and the product quality and production efficiency of milk beer are improved compared with single strains.

The present invention relates to a frozen enzyme formulation comprising an enzyme. According to another aspect the present invention relates to a starter culture comprising a frozen enzyme formulation and frozen lactic acid bacteria pellets, wherein the frozen enzyme formulation pellets and the frozen lactic acid bacteria pellets are separate pellets or wherein the enzyme and the lactic acid bacteria are in the same pellets. According to yet another aspect the present invention relates to a method for the production of a frozen enzyme formulation. According to another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of the frozen enzyme formulation.

A formulation comprising an ingestible carrier and an isolated strain of Bifidobacterium longum.

The current invention concerns a new B. subtilis strain with strong inhibition of swine and poultry related pathogens and its use as probiotic.