An image-processing apparatus generates data to be outputted to formation unit which form a shaped article on a recording medium. An acquisition unit acquire first shape data that represents a shape of unevenness, A first generation unit generate edge data that represents a shape of an edge of the unevenness, based on the first shape data. A second generation unit generate first recording amount data that represents a recording amount of a first recording material that is used to form at least a part of the edge in the edge data on the recording medium, or first dot arrangement data that represents dot arrangement of the first recording material on the recording medium, based on the edge data.

An ink printing process employs per-nozzle droplet volume measurement and processing software that plans droplet combinations to reach specific aggregate ink fills per target region, guaranteeing compliance with minimum and maximum ink fills set by specification. In various embodiments, different droplet combinations are produced through different printhead/substrate scan offsets, offsets between printheads, the use of different nozzle drive waveforms, and/or other techniques. These combinations can be based on repeated, rapid droplet measurements that develop understandings for each nozzle of means and spreads for expected droplet volume, velocity and trajectory, with combinations of droplets being planned based on these statistical parameters. Optionally, random fill variation can be introduced so as to mitigate Mura effects in a finished display device. The disclosed techniques have many possible applications.

An ink printing process employs per-nozzle droplet volume measurement and processing software that plans droplet combinations to reach specific aggregate ink fills per target region, guaranteeing compliance with minimum and maximum ink fills set by specification. In various embodiments, different droplet combinations are produced through different print head/substrate scan offsets, offsets between print heads, the use of different nozzle drive waveforms, and/or other techniques. Optionally, patterns of fill variation can be introduced so as to mitigate observable line effects in a finished display device. The disclosed techniques have many other possible applications.

A control unit controls a print head to print a print image by ejecting ink through a nozzle to form dots on a print medium and a movement unit to impart relative movement between the print head and the print medium to print a print image on the print medium. The control unit obtains a dot adjustment value in the predetermined print operation based on the measurement result of a measurement unit measuring a first pattern composed of a print image printed by the predetermined print operation including the relative movement, and a second adjustment value for adjusting dot printing positions in the predetermined print operation in a unit of length shorter than in the adjustment using the first adjustment value based on a second pattern printed by the predetermined print operation in a density according to density information on the first pattern, measured by the measurement unit.

A control device is configured to: obtain target image data; generate dot data using the target image data; and control a print execution device to print a print image using the dot data by executing: a first partial printing of forming the dots in an overlapping area and a first non-overlapping area; and a second partial printing of forming the dots in the overlapping area and a second non-overlapping area. The control device generates data of the dot data corresponding to the overlapping area by executing an overlapping area processing including first processing for values of pixels within a first range and second processing for values of pixels within a second range, the first processing including lowering a density of an image to be printed in the overlapping area.

When image recording is performed using a multi-pass recording mode, and when a dot recording ratio for a thinned-out image to be recorded by a discharge-defective nozzle is equal to or more than a threshold value, the image recording is performed on a medium after a discharge operation. When image recording is performed using the multi-pass recording mode, and when the dot recording ratio is less than the threshold value, the image recording is performed on the medium without the discharge operation.

Density of each pixel is specified from a test pattern for measurement of density distribution, a density profile indicating distribution of the specified density for each pixel is acquired, and a pixel region including a nozzle of interest having a certain density difference or more from surrounding pixels and pixels on both sides thereof is extracted as a nozzle region of interest from the acquired density profile. Filters B to E, other than a filter A to be applied for density smoothing processing of pixels that do not belong to the nozzle region of interest, are applied for the density smoothing processing of the pixels in the nozzle region of interest, to generate a profile of a density correction value for eliminating a density difference between respective pixels based on the density profile after the smoothing processing.

A printing system is disclosed. The printing system includes at least one physical memory device to store halftone calibration logic and one or more processors coupled with the at least one physical memory device to execute the halftone calibration logic determine an uncalibrated deposition distribution for each of a plurality of pel forming elements, determine a calibrated deposition distribution for each of the plurality of pel forming elements and determine calibration values for each of the plurality of pel forming elements.

A liquid discharging device discharges a liquid onto a recording medium for image formation, and includes head modules each including a nozzle array that discharges a liquid of at least one color, the head modules being connected in a direction of the nozzle array from one of the head modules, the one supported by a guide extending in a main-scanning direction; and processing circuitry functioning as an acquirer that acquires image data based on which the image is formed, and an allocator that allocates, to dots of the image data, a row of liquid droplets discharged from one of the head modules closest to the guide in a sub-scanning direction, such that the liquid droplets discharged from the head module closest to the guide are equal to or higher in ratio than the liquid droplets discharged from each head module other than the head module closest to the guide.

An inkjet image forming apparatus, includes: a transfer part that transfers ink ejected from an inkjet head and carried on an intermediate transfer body to a recording medium; and a hardware processor that: detects a transfer rate when the ink is transferred by the transfer part; and controls a control parameter that influences how the ink spreads when being transferred to the recording medium, according to the transfer rate detected by the hardware processor.