A personalizable security document (10) includes a security feature (3b) including a combination of a plurality of different features. In particular, the security feature (3b) may include a laser-engraved image in a first layer (16), and one or more fluorescent inks (7a, 7b) in further layers (27a, 27b), which are disposed below the first layer. Optionally, a watermark (8) may also be provided in a lower layer (18). A laser-engraving of the image is performed from a first side (S1) of the substrate (1) such that patterns formed by the inks (7a, 7b) are not affected. Under white light, the laser-engraved image can be viewed from the first side of the substrate, whereas multi-color fluorescence of the patterns can be observed from the second side (S2) under UV light.

A personalizable security document (10) includes a security feature (3b) including a combination of a plurality of different features. In particular, the security feature (3b) may include a laser-engraved image in a first layer (16), and one or more fluorescent inks (7a, 7b) in further layers (27a, 27b), which are disposed below the first layer. Optionally, a watermark (8) may also be provided in a lower layer (18). A laser-engraving of the image is performed from a first side (S1) of the substrate (1) such that patterns formed by the inks (7a, 7b) are not affected. Under white light, the laser-engraved image can be viewed from the first side of the substrate, whereas multi-color fluorescence of the patterns can be observed from the second side (S2) under UV light.

A method of manufacturing an image element array includes: providing a production tool having a surface pattern of ink-receptive elements spaced by areas which are not, the ink-receptive elements defining the array image elements; applying a multi-colored first image formed of a inks to only the ink-receptive elements; and transferring only the portions of the multi-colored first image corresponding to the image elements from the production tool to a substrate. An image element array is formed on the substrate. The production tool surface pattern is configured such that when viewing and image element arrays overlap, each viewing element within an image element array first region directs light from a respective image element or from a respective gap. The viewing angle in the first region directs light from either the array or the gaps.

A document (15) includes at least: one first image (5) including at least one photoluminescent pigment which is invisible under illumination in visible light and is visible under illumination by at least one first source (20) of non-visible light emitting in the short ultraviolet domain, one second image including at least one photoluminescent pigment which is invisible under illumination in visible light and is visible under illumination by at least one second source of non-visible light emitting in the long ultraviolet domain, one layer, named a filtering layer, arranged facing the second image and including at least one material, named a filtering material, suitable for allowing the wavelengths emitted by the first source of non-visible light to be filtered without preventing the first image from being seen under illumination by the first light source.

A document (15) includes at least: one first image (5) including at least one photoluminescent pigment which is invisible under illumination in visible light and is visible under illumination by at least one first source (20) of non-visible light emitting in the short ultraviolet domain, one second image including at least one photoluminescent pigment which is invisible under illumination in visible light and is visible under illumination by at least one second source of non-visible light emitting in the long ultraviolet domain, one layer, named a filtering layer, arranged facing the second image and including at least one material, named a filtering material, suitable for allowing the wavelengths emitted by the first source of non-visible light to be filtered without preventing the first image from being seen under illumination by the first light source.

An anti-counterfeiting medium includes a recording medium, a polarizer layer arranged on a part of the recording medium. The polarizer layer is formed thereon with a low extinction-ratio area that forms an image portion where a polarizer exhibits an extinction ratio lower than in a portion other than the low extinction-ratio area of the polarizer layer. The recording medium is formed thereon with an image portion that is a part of the recording medium and has a nature different from that of a portion other than the part of the recording medium.

An anti-counterfeiting medium includes a recording medium, a polarizer layer arranged on a part of the recording medium. The polarizer layer is formed thereon with a low extinction-ratio area that forms an image portion where a polarizer exhibits an extinction ratio lower than in a portion other than the low extinction-ratio area of the polarizer layer. The recording medium is formed thereon with an image portion that is a part of the recording medium and has a nature different from that of a portion other than the part of the recording medium.

Security element comprising a first material MAT1 and a second material MAT2 formed in or on a substrate, in such a manner that areas occupied by MAT1 and MAT2 overlap partially or fully,

the first material MAT1 comprising a phosphorescent pigment (donor), the second material MAT2 comprising a fluorescent dye or pigment (acceptor),

wherein the phosphorescent pigment present in MAT1 is capable of emitting phosphorescence radiation in at least one first phosphorescence emission wavelength range 1e upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within a phosphorescence excitation wavelength range 1a, and

the fluorescent dye or pigment present in MAT2 is capable of emitting fluorescence radiation in at least one second fluorescence emission wavelength range 2e upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within an fluorescence excitation wavelength range 2a of the fluorescent dye or pigment, and

said first phosphorescence emission wavelength range 1e of the phosphorescent pigment present in MAT1 overlaps with the excitation wavelength range 2a of the fluorescent dye or pigment present in MAT2, so that after irradiation of the security element with electromagnetic radiation within the phosphorescence excitation wavelength range 1a the emission of fluorescence radiation in the emission wavelength range 2e is observable.

Security element comprising a first material MAT1 and a second material MAT2 formed in or on a substrate, in such a manner that areas occupied by MAT1 and MAT2 overlap partially or fully,

the first material MAT1 comprising a phosphorescent pigment (donor), the second material MAT2 comprising a fluorescent dye or pigment (acceptor),

wherein the phosphorescent pigment present in MAT1 is capable of emitting phosphorescence radiation in at least one first phosphorescence emission wavelength range 1e upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within a phosphorescence excitation wavelength range 1a, and

the fluorescent dye or pigment present in MAT2 is capable of emitting fluorescence radiation in at least one second fluorescence emission wavelength range 2e upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within an fluorescence excitation wavelength range 2a of the fluorescent dye or pigment, and

said first phosphorescence emission wavelength range 1e of the phosphorescent pigment present in MAT1 overlaps with the excitation wavelength range 2a of the fluorescent dye or pigment present in MAT2, so that after irradiation of the security element with electromagnetic radiation within the phosphorescence excitation wavelength range 1a the emission of fluorescence radiation in the emission wavelength range 2e is observable.

A security element comprising a first and a second pattern PAT1 and PAT2 formed in or on a substrate, the first pattern PAT1 being formed by a first material INK1 applied to a first region of the substrate, the second pattern PAT2 being formed by a second material INK2 applied to a second region of the substrate, said first and second regions of the substrate overlapping,

wherein a part of the first pattern PAT1 overlaps with a part of said second pattern PAT2, the first material INK1 comprises a first luminescent dye or pigment DYE1, which upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within an excitation wavelength range 1a of the first luminescent dye or pigment DYE1 is capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in at least one first emission wavelength range 1e, and the second material INK2 comprises a second luminescent dye or pigment DYE2, which upon excitation by electromagnetic radiation falling within an excitation wavelength range 2a of the second luminescent dye or pigment DYE2 is capable of emitting electromagnetic radiation in at least one second emission wavelength range 2e, and said first emission wavelength range 1e of the first luminescent dye or pigment DYE1 overlaps with the excitation wavelength range 2a of the second luminescent dye or pigment DYE2, so that upon irradiation with electromagnetic radiation within the excitation wavelength range 1a of the first luminescent dye or pigment DYE1 the second luminescent dye or pigment DYE2 is excited, in the area of overlap of the patterns, to emit electromagnetic radiation in the emission wavelength range 2e.