A pneumatic tire having a tread section and a belt layer, wherein monofilament cords are used as reinforcing cords in the belt layer, and an arranged number e of the monofilament cords per 5 cm in the tire-width direction (cords/5 cm) in a tire radial direction cross-section of the belt layer, and a tire cross-sectional width Wt (mm), incorporated in a standardized rim and with an internal pressure of 250 kPa, satisfies (formula 1) and (formula 2) below:

e/(0.31Wt+14.35)>1(formula 1);

e/(0.31Wt+56.45)(formula 2).

Provided is a pneumatic tire in which, by improving adhesion between a rubber and fibers for a reinforcing layer that is arranged in such a manner to extend from a tire radial-direction inner side of a belt layer in an end region of a tread portion toward an inner side of a tire radial direction along a carcass ply, not only the durability is further improved as compared to conventional tires but also the rolling resistance is reduced. The pneumatic tire includes: at least one carcass ply (2); and at least one belt layer (3) arranged on a tire radial-direction outer side of the carcass ply (2) in a crown portion, in which pneumatic tire a reinforcing layer (4) extending from the tire radial-direction inner side of the belt layer in the end region of the tread portion toward the inner side of the tire radial direction along the carcass ply is arranged, and core-sheath type composite fibers (C), whose core portion is composed of a high-melting-point resin (A) having a melting point of 150 C. or higher and sheath portion is composed of a resin material (B) that contains an olefin-based polymer (D) having a melting point of not higher than a tire vulcanization temperature, are embedded in the reinforcing layer.

A belt layer includes at least one belt ply. The belt ply includes a single-wire cord having a short diameter SD and a long diameter LD, with a ratio SD/LD between the short diameter SD and the long diameter LD being less than 1.00, and a topping rubber covering the single-wire cord. The single-wire cord is arranged so that a direction of the short diameter SD is oriented to a thickness direction of the belt ply. The topping rubber has a complex elastic modulus (E*) of less than 7 MPa under conditions of temperature of 70 degrees Celsius, initial strain of 10%, an amplitude of dynamic strain of ?1.0%, and a frequency of 10 Hz.

A radial tire with a lightened belt structure (10) comprises a multilayer composite laminate (10a, 10b, 10c) of specific construction, with a first layer (10a) of rubber (C1) reinforced with preferably weakly heat-shrinkable circumferential textile monofilaments (110) with a diameter greater than 0.10 mm or assemblies of such monofilaments, for example, made of nylon or of polyester, this first layer radially (in the direction Z) surmounting two other layers (10b, 10c) of rubber (C2, C3, respectively) reinforced with monofilaments (120, 130) of high tensile steel. The first reinforcers have an envelope diameter between 0.20 mm and 1.20 mm and a density, measured in the axial direction Y, between 70 and 130 threads/dm, and the second and third reinforcers each have a diameter between 0.20 mm and 0.50 mm and a density, measured in the axial direction Y, between 100 and 180 threads/dm.

A flat spot-proof tire, and a vehicle. The flat spot-proof tire comprises a tread, a cap ply, a belt ply and a carcass. The rubber hardness of the tread is 68-78 Shore A. The cap ply is formed by nylon cords having linear density of 90-140 pieces per 100 mm. The belt ply is formed by steel cords, which comprise HT steel wires and/or SHT steel wires. The carcass is formed by polyester cords having linear density of 100-120 pieces per 100 mm. The flat spot-proof tire and the vehicle use suitable industrial rubber and polyester fiber material, have a specific size design and undergo an optimized inflation process after vulcanization such that the long-term flat spot effects of the tire can be mitigated, and the jitter of the vehicle during high-speed traveling can be reduced.

The invention relates to a rubberized reinforcing ply for articles made of elastomeric material, preferably for vehicle tires, where the reinforcing ply has a multiplicity of parallel strengthening elements spaced apart from one another, with each strengthening element consisting of polyamide 6.6 and having an x1 construction, hence being a twisted multifilament yarn of polyamide 6.6. The crude yarn of polyamide 6.6 has a tenacity which, at an elongation of 4%, is within a range from 1.35 cN/dtex to 1.60 cN/dtex; the multifilament yarn has a tenacity which, at an elongation of 4%, is within a range from 2.0 cN/dtex to 2.8 cN/dtex, and the cord has a thermal shrinkage at 177 within a range of 4.0%-7.0%, wherein the tenacity in accordance with ASTM D885-16 and the thermal shrinkage at 77 C. are determined under a pre-tension of 0.045 g/dtex with an exposure time of two minutes.

The invention relates to a rubberized reinforcing ply for articles composed of elastomeric material, preferably for vehicle tires, wherein the reinforcing ply has a multiplicity of strengthening elements which are in parallel and spaced apart, wherein each strengthening element is a cord which is end-twisted from at least two twisted multifilament yarns composed of polyamide 6.6. The raw yarn composed of polyamide 6.6 has a tenacity which, at an elongation of 4%, is within a range from 1.35 cN/dtex to 1.60 cN/dtex, the cord has a tenacity which, at an elongation of 4%, is within a range from 1.2 cN/dtex to 2 cN/dtex and the cord has a thermal shrinkage at 177 within a range of 4.0%-7.0%, wherein the tenacity in accordance with ASTM D885-16 and the thermal shrinkage at 177 C. are determined under a pre-tension of 0.045 g/dtex with an exposure time of two minutes.

A reinforced product (21) comprises: an elastomer matrix (23), several reinforcing elements (44) embedded in the elastomer matrix (23), the reinforcing elements (44) being arranged side by side in a main direction (X1), Each reinforcing element (44) comprises: several filamentary elements (46), and at least one communal sheath collectively coating the filamentary elements (46) and comprising at least one layer of a thermoplastic polymer composition. The ratio R1=ODO/E of the mean minimum thickness ODO of elastomer present on the back of the sheath to the mean thickness E of the reinforced product (21) is less than or equal to 0.17, the mean minimum thickness of elastomer ODO and mean thickness E of the reinforced product (21) being measured in a direction substantially perpendicular to the main direction (X1).

Provided is a rubber-cord composite, a tire reinforcing member including the composite, and a tire including the reinforcing member. The rubber-cord composite includes a reinforcing cord, and the composite forms a spiral cord layer in the tire reinforcing member. The twist coefficient of the reinforcing cord is greater than 0.3.

Provided is a rubber-cord composite, a tire reinforcing member including the composite, and a tire including the reinforcing member. The rubber-cord composite includes a reinforcing cord, and the composite forms a spiral cord layer in the tire reinforcing member. The twist coefficient of the reinforcing cord is 0.3 or less.