A pneumatic tire includes: a belt layer in which a belt cord is arranged; and a belt reinforcing layer in which an organic fiber cord is arranged, the belt reinforcing layer is formed by coating the organic fiber cord with rubber, and a ratio (Sr/Sc) of a rubber cross-sectional area (Sr) to a cord cross-sectional area (Sc) is 1.0 to 1.5, and a value obtained by dividing, by 1000, a sum of a product (A) of a load LASE5% (N) at 5% elongation of the organic fiber cord, a cord count (per 25 mm), and the number of belt reinforcing layers, and a product (B) of a load (N) at 0.5% elongation of the belt cord, cos θ in which a belt angle is defined as θ, a cord count (per inch), and the number of belt layers is 8.7 or more.

A radial tire, notably for a passenger vehicle or van, has a very thin belt structure comprising a multilayer composite laminate of specific construction, with a first layer of rubber reinforced by circumferential textile reinforcers in the form of monofilaments or assemblies of monofilaments, preferably slightly heat-shrinkable, for example made of nylon or of polyester, this first layer radially (in the direction Z) surmounting two other layers of rubber, reinforced by high-strength steel monofilaments. The mean thickness of rubber, measured in the radial direction (Z), separating a first reinforcer from the second reinforcer which is closest to it, and that separating a second reinforcer from the third reinforcer which is closest to it, are both less than or at most equal to 0.35 mm.

A two-layer multi-strand cord (60) comprises an internal layer (CI) of the cord made up of J>1 internal strands (TI) and an external layer (CE) of the cord made up of L>1 external strands (TE). The cord satisfies the relationship 95≤MC≤175, where MC=(J×MI+L×ME)/(J+L); MI=200×cos.sup.4(α)×[Q×(D1/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β)+N×(D2/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(γ)]/[Q×(D1/2).sup.2+N×(D2/2).sup.2]; and ME=200×cos.sup.4(α′)×[Q′×(D1′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β′)+P′×(D2′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(δ′)+N′×(D3′/2).sup.2×cos.sup.4(β′)]/[Q′×(D1′/2).sup.2+P′×(D2/2).sup.2+N′×(D3′/2).sup.2], where D1, D1′, D2, D2′, and D3′ are in mm, α and α′ are the helix angle of each internal and external strand (TI), β and β′ are the helix angle of each internal thread (F1, F1′), δ′ is the helix angle of each intermediate thread (F2′) and γ and γ′ are the helix angle of each external thread (F2, F3′).

A tire (10) for two-wheeled vehicles comprises a crown (12) comprising: a tread (20), and a hoop reinforcement (17) comprising at least one hooping ply (19) comprising one or more hoop reinforcing elements (44) comprising an assembly made up of a multifilament strand of aromatic polyamide or aromatic copolyamide (47) and of a multifilament strand of aliphatic polyamide (48). The twist factor K of the hoop reinforcing element (44) ranges from 5.5 to 6.5. The tire (10) is obtained by a method comprising a step of manufacturing the hooping ply (19), in which the bonded reinforcing elements (44) are embedded in a polymer composition in order to form the uncured hooping ply, the equivalent initial tensile modulus of the uncured hooping ply ranging from 330 to 620 cN/tex/dm.

The invention provides a steel cord for rubber reinforcement. The steel cord comprises a core strand and at least three outer strands twisted around the core strand, the core strand comprises at least one first core filament and multiple first outer filaments twisted around the first core filament, each outer strand comprises a number of second filaments, at least one of multiple first outer filaments is preformed prior to being twisted into the core strand, and at least one of second steel filaments is straight prior to being twisted to form each outer strand. The steel cord has improved performance on core filament migration.

A pneumatic tire for use on trucks, the tire comprising: a tread which includes a belt reinforcement structure, the belt structure including a pair of working belts, wherein the angle of the working belts range from about 10 degrees to about 50 degrees, and wherein the first working belt has an angle of the reinforcements different that the angle of the belt reinforcements of the second working belt. The belt package further includes a low angle belt that is preferably positioned between of the working belts, wherein the angle of the low angle belt is less than 5 degrees. The working belts and the low angle belt are extensible, and preferably made of high elongation wire. The pneumatic tire further includes a top protector belt made of high impact resistant steel reinforcements.

A tire includes a carcass ply, a tread disposed radially outward of a crown region of the carcass ply, and a shearband structure having an overall axial width substantially equal to a tread width interposed between the tread and the crown region in circumferential surrounding relation to the carcass ply. The shearband structure includes a first shearband layer and a second shearband layer radially adjacent the first shearband layer. The first shearband layer includes a first reinforced composite with first reinforcement cords embedded in a first rubber matrix. The first reinforcement cords have having an aramid construction and a twist multiplier (TM) between 2.0 and 6.0.

The subject of the invention is a cord (50) comprising a single layer (52) of helically wound metal filamentary elements (54). The metal filamentary elements define an internal enclosure (58) of the cord of diameter Dv. Each metal filamentary element (54) has a diameter Df and a helix radius of curvature Rf.

With Dv, Df and Rf being expressed in millimetres, the cord satisfies the following relationships:

9≤Rf/Df≤30, and

1.30≤Dv/Df≤2.10.

A method for manufacturing a straight steel monofilament for the reinforcement of belt ply of a pneumatic tyre, where the arc-height of the straight steel monofilament is less than 30 mm. The steel monofilament is plastically deformed by a twisting along the axis of the steel monofilament on a double-twist apparatus. The plastic twist deformation eliminates the surface stress difference on the steel monofilament and provides a strainght steel monofilament for belt ply reinforcement. This provides a simple solution with existing apparatus to manufacture straight steel monofilament suitable for tire reinforcement with high speed for mass production.

Pneumatic vehicle tire of radial type of construction, in particular a commercial vehicle tire, having a belt assembly (3) made up of at least three plies (8, 9, 10), namely two working plies (8, 9) and a protective ply (10) arranged radially on the outside with respect to the working plies (8, 9), wherein the protective ply (10) has reinforcing members (11) made up of one or more twisted-together steel filaments (12), wherein the steel of the steel filaments (12) of the reinforcing members (11) of the protective ply (10) can be assigned to the strength class ST or to a higher strength class, wherein the strength class ST has a tensile strength in MPa of 3980-2000 d and the strength class UT has a tensile strength in MPa of 4400-2000 d, wherein d is the diameter of a steel filament in mm.