A motor vehicle includes an engine ignition system for starting an engine of the motor vehicle. A climate control system heats and/or cools a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. An electronic processor is communicatively coupled to the engine ignition system and to the climate control system. The electronic processor determines a time at which a user of the motor vehicle will enter a passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, uses the engine ignition system to start the engine before the determined time, and uses the climate control system to achieve a desired temperature of the passenger compartment before the user enters the passenger compartment.

An air conditioner for a vehicle has a compressor, a radiator, a first pressure reducer, a gas-liquid separator, a second pressure reducer, an exterior heat exchanger, an intermediate pressure refrigerant passage, a switching device, and a controller. The controller operates the switching device to switch from a refrigerant circuit of a two-stage compression mode to a refrigerant circuit of a single-stage compression mode when a compressor stop signal is output in the two-stage compression mode. The single-stage compression mode is a mode that blocks at least a flow of an intermediate-pressure refrigerant into the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage and makes refrigerant remained in the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage to flow out of the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage. The controller stops the compressor after controls the compressor to continue operating for a specified time in the single-stage compression mode. The controller restarts the compressor when the compressor stop signal is canceled.

A vehicular air conditioning device includes a blower, a heating heat exchanger, an auxiliary heater, and a blower controller. The heating heat exchanger heats blown air by exchanging heat between the blown air and the cooling water of the in-vehicle device emitting heat during operation. The blower controller is configured to control the operation of the blower. The blower controller is configured to increase a blowing capacity of the blower with increase of a temperature of the cooling water. The blower controller, during operation of the auxiliary heater, increases the blowing capacity after a waiting time during which the increase of the blowing capacity is prohibited has elapsed since a start-up switch of a vehicle system is turned on. The vehicular air conditioning is capable of implementing a quick warming of the in-vehicle device without impairing the heating feeling of occupant.

A vehicle air conditioning apparatus is provided that can prevent temperature variations of the air after the heat exchange in a radiator to reliably control the temperature of the air supplied to the vehicle interior. During the heating operation and the heating and dehumidifying operation, target degree of supercooling SCt when target air-blowing temperature TAO is a predetermined temperature or higher is set to SCt1 that is greater than SCt2 when the target air-blowing temperature TAO is lower than the predetermined temperature. When amount of air Ga supplied from indoor fan 12 is lower than a predetermined value, the target degree of supercooling SCt is corrected, which is set such that the degree of supercooling is lower than target degree of supercooling corrected when the amount of air Ga supplied from the indoor fan 12 is a predetermined value or higher.

A control apparatus according to the invention is applied to a heat exchanging system comprising a connection system for connecting an engine water passage for heat exchanging water for cooling an internal combustion engine and the heater water passage for the heat exchanging water for heating a heater core to each other. The apparatus activates the connection system to connect the engine water passage to the heater water passage when a temperature of the heat exchanging water circulating through the engine water passage, is equal to or higher than the temperature of the heat exchanging water circulating through the heater water passage, and an interior of a vehicle is requested to be warmed up.

A control apparatus of a heat exchanging system according to the invention activates a connection system to connect an engine water passage to a heater water passage and then, shuts off a heater water passage portion between a portion, into which heat exchanging water flows from the engine water passage and a portion, from which the heat exchanging water flows out toward the engine water passage, and decreases heater pump and engine pump duty ratios when the duty ratios should be decreased for controlling core and engine flow rates to requested flow rates after the particular water passage is shut off, and the engine water passage is connected to the heater water passage.

A control apparatus of a heat exchanging system according to the invention executes a control for activating a connection system to connect an engine water passage to a heater water passage and a control for increasing an engine pump duty ratio, and then executes a control for decreasing a heater pump duty ratio when the control for decreasing the heater pump duty ratio and the control for increasing the engine pump duty ratio are requested to be executed in order to control a core flow rate to a requested core flow rate and an engine flow rate to a requested engine flow rate after the engine water passage is connected to the heater water passage by the connection system.

A control apparatus of a heat exchanging apparatus according to the invention executes a control for activating a connection system to connect an engine water passage to a heater water passage and then, executes a control for decreasing a heater pump duty ratio and a control for decreasing an engine pump duty ratio when the control for decreasing the heater pump duty ratio and the control for decreasing the engine pump duty ratio are requested to be executed in order to control a core flow rate to a requested core flow rate and an engine flow rate to a requested engine flow rate after the engine water passage is connected to the heater water passage by the connection system.

A control apparatus of a heat exchanging system according to the invention, decreases a duty ratio of the heater pump after connecting an engine water passage to a heater water passage, shutting off a predetermined water passage portion of the heater water passage, and increasing a duty ratio of an engine pump when the controls for shutting off the predetermined water passage portion, connecting the engine water passage to the heater water passage, decreasing the duty ratio of the heater pump, and increasing the duty ratio of the engine pump, are requested to be executed.

A system (10) comprising: means for determining the heat flux (12) from or to an occupant (14) of a seat (16); and means for controlling heating means (18) and/or cooling means (20) in dependence upon determined heat flux (12) from or to the occupant of the seat.