A window assembly includes an electro-optic element which has a first substantially transparent substrate defining first and second surfaces. The second surface includes a first electrically conductive layer. A second substantially transparent substrate defines third and fourth surfaces. The third surface includes a second electrically conductive layer. A primary seal is disposed between the first and second substrates. The seal and the first and second substrates define a cavity therebetween. An electro-optic medium is disposed in the cavity. The electro-optic medium is switchable such that the electro-optic element is operable between substantially clear and darkened states. An absorptive layer is positioned on the fourth surface of the electro-optic element and a reflective layer is positioned on the absorptive layer.

A vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head pivotally adjustable about a mirror support. The mirror head includes a mirror reflective element having a transflective mirror reflector. A video display device is disposed rearward of the mirror reflective element. A touch sensor is disposed at the mirror reflective element and is associated with circuitry at a flexible printed circuit of the video display device. The video display device is operable to display video images captured by a rearward viewing camera of the vehicle. Light emitted by the video display device passes through the transflective mirror reflector for viewing of displayed video images by the driver of the vehicle viewing the mirror reflective element. The mirror reflective element, at the reflective region of the transflective mirror reflector, reflects at least 40 percent of visible light incident at the front side of the mirror reflective element.

A vehicular rearview mirror assembly includes an electro-optic reflective element and a back plate, with a spring-loaded electrical connector disposed in a passageway of the back plate. The spring-loaded electrical connector is spring-biased toward an extended state and compressible toward a compressed state. The reflective element has an electrically conductive element established at the rear surface and in electrical connection with a conductive coating of the reflective element. A circuit element is disposed at the back plate and has an electrically conductive trace electrically connected to control circuitry. With the back plate attached at the reflective element and with the circuit element attached at the back plate, the spring-loaded electrical connector is compressed toward the compressed state and electrically connects the electrically conductive trace at the circuit element and the electrically conductive element at the reflective element.

An electro-optic system where an electrical potential is changed and/or regulated to achieve a desired potential applied to an electro-optic medium. The electro-optic system comprises an electro-optic medium disposed in a chamber defined in part by two electrodes. A power source is connected to the two electrodes and thereby operable to apply an electrical potential to the electrochromic medium across the two electrodes. A voltmeter is operable to measure an electrical potential between two points within the chamber. Additionally, a controller is connected to the voltmeter and the power source and is operable to regulate the electrical potential applied by the power source based, at least in part, on the electrical potential measured between the two points within the chamber by the voltmeter.

A mirror assembly for a vehicle including a housing. An electro-optic assembly is located in the housing, the electro-optic assembly includes a partially reflective, partially transmissive front substrate. The front substrate defines a first surface and a second surface. A rear substrate defines a third surface and a fourth surface. An electro-optic medium is disposed between the front substrate and the rear substrate. A display module is located in the housing and a camera unit is located outside the housing and includes a camera. The camera is configured to capture an image. An electronic control unit (“ECU”) is located in the housing and is configured to send instructions to the camera to capture the image and to generate information about the image on the display module. A flexible conductor is at least partially located in the housing and electrically coupled between the ECU and the camera.

Optical apparatus are disclosed, for use for example in glazing units for building or vehicles, in mirrors, or in low information displays such as signage or watches. In one arrangement, an optical apparatus comprises a plurality of optically switchable elements. Each optically switchable element comprises a portion of phase change material defining a pixel of the apparatus. Each pixel of phase change material is thermally switchable between a plurality of stable states having different refractive indices relative to each other. A plurality of switching elements are provided. Each switching element selectively causes heating in a corresponding one of the pixels of phase change material to perform thermal switching of the pixel of phase change material. Each pixel of phase change material has a length to width aspect ratio of at least 20:1.

A vehicular frameless interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head and a mounting portion. The mirror head includes a mirror reflective element and a mirror casing. The mirror reflective element includes a glass substrate having a planar front side and a planar rear side. No portion of the mirror casing overlaps the planar front side of the glass substrate of the mirror reflective element. A camera is disposed within the mirror casing. With the mounting portion of the mirror assembly mounted at an in-cabin side of a windshield of a vehicle, the camera views a driver of the vehicle, and when the mirror head is moved by the driver of the vehicle to adjust the rearward view provided by the mirror reflective element to the driver, the camera moves in tandem with movement of the mirror head. The camera is part of a driver monitoring system of the vehicle.

A vehicular exterior rearview mirror control system is configured to attach at a side of a vehicle and includes a mirror assembly having a variable reflectance mirror reflective element. The vehicular rearview mirror control system processes image data captured by a rear backup camera of the vehicle. The rearview mirror control system, via processing a first subset of image data captured by the rear backup camera, determines ambient light rearward of the vehicle. The rearview mirror control system, via processing a second subset of received image data captured by the rear backup camera, determines glare light emanating from a headlight of another vehicle following the equipped vehicle. The first subset of captured image data is different than the second subset of captured image data. A door module unit of the vehicle controls dimming of the variable reflectance mirror reflective element based at least in part on the determined glare light.

Systems and methods are provided to determine glare information. An optical filter is configured to attenuate visible light and pass near-infrared light and an image sensor is configured to detect light reflected by a surface after the reflected light passes through the optical filter. The image sensor is further configured to generate image data comprising a detected near-infrared portion of the light reflected by the surface. Processing circuitry is configured to receive the image data from the image sensor and determine near-infrared glare information based on the received image. The near-infrared glare information can be used to adjust display parameter associated with the surface or characterize near-infrared glare properties of the surface.

A vehicular interior rearview mirror assembly includes a mounting portion, a mirror casing and a mirror reflective element. The reflective element includes a glass substrate having a planar front surface, a planar rear surface and a circumferential perimeter edge around a periphery of the glass substrate that extends across a thickness dimension separating the planar front surface from the planar rear surface. A front perimeter edge portion of the circumferential perimeter edge includes a rounded glass surface circumferentially around the periphery of the glass substrate, with the rounded glass surface at least partially spanning the thickness dimension of the glass substrate. The rounded glass surface has a radius of curvature of at least 2.5 mm. The planar rear surface of the glass substrate is coated with a coating. No portion of the mirror casing overlaps onto the rounded glass surface of the glass substrate.