Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap, an actuator, a first hydraulic module, and a second hydraulic module. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The first hydraulic module is located at the actuator. The second hydraulic module is located remotely from the first hydraulic module and includes a local power unit. The actuator is hydraulically drivable via first pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from a hydraulic system of the aircraft to the actuator via the second hydraulic module and further via the first hydraulic module. The actuator is also hydraulically drivable via second pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from the local power unit to the actuator via the second hydraulic module and further via the first hydraulic module.

Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap, an actuator, a first hydraulic module, and a second hydraulic module. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The first hydraulic module is located at the actuator. The second hydraulic module is located remotely from the first hydraulic module and includes a local power unit. The actuator is hydraulically drivable via first pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from a hydraulic system of the aircraft to the actuator via the second hydraulic module and further via the first hydraulic module. The actuator is also hydraulically drivable via second pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from the local power unit to the actuator via the second hydraulic module and further via the first hydraulic module.

Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap and an actuator. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The actuator is hydraulically drivable via first pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied by a hydraulic system of the aircraft. The actuator is also hydraulically drivable via second pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied by a local power unit. The local power unit is selectively connectable to an electrical system of the aircraft. The electrical system is to power the local power unit to supply the second pressurized hydraulic fluid.

Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap and an actuator. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The actuator is hydraulically drivable via first pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied by a hydraulic system of the aircraft. The actuator is also hydraulically drivable via second pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied by a local power unit. The local power unit is selectively connectable to an electrical system of the aircraft. The electrical system is to power the local power unit to supply the second pressurized hydraulic fluid.

A system for detecting and controlling the position of a spoiler of an aircraft wing is described herein comprising: a hydraulic actuator having a piston rod operably connected to the spoiler, the piston rod being moveable between a retracted position, a neutral position and an extended position; and means for providing power to said hydraulic actuator; and a mechanical device for detecting whether the piston rod is in the retracted position, the neutral position or the extended position; and means, operatively connected to the mechanical device, that is configured to provide a change in a load applied to said hydraulic actuator, wherein said means is configured to change said load based on whether said piston rod is detected as being in said retracted position or said extended position.

A SCAS module includes one or more SCAS actuators wherein each SCAS actuator comprises a piston arranged for linear motion within a hydraulic chamber in response to a flow of hydraulic fluid metered by a valve. The piston comprises a flexible rod or quill for providing a linear output along the first axis, the flexible rod or quill being mounted internally within an annular portion of the piston so that a space is defined around the flexible rod or quill. The flexible rod or quill is capable of deforming into the surrounding space in order to accommodate movement of the flexible rod or quill.

A SCAS module includes one or more SCAS actuators wherein each SCAS actuator comprises a piston arranged for linear motion within a hydraulic chamber in response to a flow of hydraulic fluid metered by a valve. The piston comprises a flexible rod or quill for providing a linear output along the first axis, the flexible rod or quill being mounted internally within an annular portion of the piston so that a space is defined around the flexible rod or quill. The flexible rod or quill is capable of deforming into the surrounding space in order to accommodate movement of the flexible rod or quill.

Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap, a first actuator, a second actuator, and a shaft. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The first actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The first actuator is actuatable via pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from a hydraulic system of the aircraft to the first actuator via a hydraulic module operatively coupled to the first actuator. The second actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The second actuator is actuatable via an electric motor of the second actuator connected to a first electrical system of the aircraft. The shaft operatively couples the first actuator to the second actuator. The first and second actuators are actuatable via the shaft.

Distributed trailing edge wing flap systems are described. An example wing flap system for an aircraft includes a flap, a first actuator, a second actuator, and a shaft. The flap is movable between a deployed position and a retracted position relative to a fixed trailing edge of a wing of the aircraft. The first actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The first actuator is actuatable via pressurized hydraulic fluid to be supplied from a hydraulic system of the aircraft to the first actuator via a hydraulic module operatively coupled to the first actuator. The second actuator is to move the flap relative to the fixed trailing edge. The second actuator is actuatable via an electric motor of the second actuator connected to a first electrical system of the aircraft. The shaft operatively couples the first actuator to the second actuator. The first and second actuators are actuatable via the shaft.

A method of controlling an overly determined actuator system that has a first number of actuators (a.sub.i) which is greater than a second number of the actuators needed to perform a predetermined physical task. The method includes: automatically controlling the first number of actuators by a control unit (CU) for jointly performing the predetermined physical task; repeatedly checking a functional state of the first number of actuators to detect an actuator failure of any one thereof; in case of any detected actuator failure, generating at least one emergency signal (EM) representative of an adapted physical task to be performed by a remaining number of the actuators. The emergency signal is generated based on kinematics of the actuator system, on known physical capacities at least of the remaining actuators, and optionally on a computational performance model of the actuator system. The adapted physical task includes activating each of the remaining actuators below a predetermined threshold of maximum physical load on a respective actuator and activating the ensemble of remaining actuators in a way to prevent further damage to the actuator system. An emergency control system and an aircraft are also provided.