A satellite system can include one or more satellites that orbit the Earth. The one or more satellites may have satellite buses that support antenna arrays. The antenna arrays may include space fed arrays. Each space fed array may have an antenna feed array and an inner array that is coupled to a direct radiating array. The direct radiating array may operate in the same satellite band as the space fed array, or upconversion and downconversion circuitry may be used to communicatively couple a direct radiating array that operates in a different satellite band to the space fed array. The satellites may have peripheral walls with corner fittings that can be selected to provide the satellite bus with particular leg strengths. This can reduce overall mass of the satellites in a payload fairing while accommodating different types of antenna arrays.

Passively deployable thermal management devices, systems, and methods are provided in accordance with various embodiments. For example, some embodiments include a passively deployable radiator device that may include: one or more thermally conductive layers; and/or one or more strain energy components configured to deploy passively the one or more thermally conductive layers. The one or more thermally conductive layers may include one or more carbon layers. The one or more carbon layers may include at least one or more graphite layers or one or more graphene layers. At least the one or more graphite layers or the one or more graphene layers include at least one or more pyrolytic graphite sheets or one or more pyrolytic graphene sheets.

A doubly curved reflector for compact storage in a folded state includes a plurality of gores, each gore having on either long side a gore side curve. At least one hinge is mechanically coupled between each adjacent gore, the at least one hinge including a fold roll hinge or a living hinge. In a stowed doubly curved reflector state each gore folds about the at least one hinge when folded closed such that a face surface of each gore folds against an adjacent face surface of another gore into a substantially cylindrical structure. In a deployed doubly curved reflector state, each hinge. A doubly curved reflector for compact storage in a folded state and a locked open state, a method of manufacture, and a method for designing a substantially wrinkle free doubly curved foldable reflector having gores of a composite material are also described.

A system for emergency crew return and down-mass orbit comprising a stowable, self-contained, deployable maneuvering reentry vehicle for automated, on-demand reentry to ground for cargo of 1-10 kilograms or up to single or multiple human use for evacuation of orbital facilities. The system includes a deployable aeroshell that is contiguous (a single geometric objectsurface or hollow shapethat can morph in 3D shape), modular (a collection of modular components externally acting as a contiguous shape, but morphed in 3D via actuators contained in each modular member to create a general asymmetric geometry), or discontiguous (a collection of independently controlled surfaces or bodies that morph to form desirable asymmetric drag configurations). The system contains traditional spacecraft guidance, navigation and control, propulsion, and attitude control elements, in addition to communications, power, and actuator energetics systems for controlling the vehicle aeroshell shape during reentry, thus, minimizing the landing footprint of the vehicle.

A radar satellite of the present invention comprises a radar unit including a plurality of radar panels coupled to each other in a single flat plate shape, each of the plurality of radar panels including a plurality of antennas which transmit and receive radar waves, and a solar cell; and a communication/control unit which performs communications with a spot on an earth or a spacecraft. The radar unit includes: a radar panel array which is a plate-shaped structure including the plurality of radar panels; and a deployable truss structure including a plurality of side frame members supporting the plurality of radar panels, respectively, and coupled to each other in such a manner that the side frame members are foldable and deployable.

A release apparatus includes a coiled restraining wire with each end attached to a corresponding fuse wire. The fuse wires are supplied with respective actuation electric currents by respective independent current sources. Flow of actuation current through a fuse wire causes that fuse wire to break; breakage of either one or both fuse wires allows the restraining wire to partially uncoil and allow the release apparatus to transition from a retained condition to a released condition, by allowing disengagement of retention members from a release member that can then move out of the release apparatus. The release apparatus can be employed to attach a deployable component to a satellite or spacecraft, and can be readily repaired, refurbished or reset for repetitive ground testing.

In a method for packing a spacecraft membrane (1) which in a plane of extension comprises a longitudinal axis between opposite longitudinal corners (4) and a transverse axis running transverse to the longitudinal axis and through transverse corners into a spacecraft membrane package, two packing steps are executed: In a first packing step, the spacecraft membrane (1) is packed into a transverse package (9) along the transverse axis. In a second packing step, the transverse package (9) is packed into a longitudinal package along a longitudinal axis. The packing of the spacecraft membrane (1) in the first packing step comprises a packing of material of the spacecraft membrane (1) from or on both sides of the longitudinal axis. In the first packing step, the spacecraft membrane (1) is packed in such a way that in the created transverse package (9) the transverse corners are freely accessible. In the second packing step, the transverse package (9) is packed in such a way that in the created longitudinal package the longitudinal corners (4) are freely accessible. The longitudinal package is unpacked by pulling on the longitudinal corners (4). Subsequently, the transverse package (9) is unpacked by pulling on the transverse corners.

A release apparatus includes a coiled restraining wire with at least one end attached to a fuse wire. Actuation current through the fuse wire causes it to break; breakage of the fuse wire allows the restraining wire to partially uncoil and allow the release apparatus to transition from a retained condition to a released condition, by allowing disengagement a sleeve from retention members and disengagement of retention members from a release member that can then move out of the release apparatus. The sleeve isolates the restraining wire and fuse wire from load forces on the release member. Rolling bearings within the sleeve against the retention members reduces resistance to disengagement of the sleeve. The release apparatus can be employed to attach a deployable component to a satellite or spacecraft, and can be readily repaired, refurbished or reset for repetitive ground testing.

A novel system and related methods for sequentially deploying, in automated or semi-automated fashion, a strip of a plurality of truss bays with integral solar panels from a moving carrier onto a surface being traversed, resulting in a long, contiguous truss structure laid upon on the surface. The solar panels are angled at a predetermined orientation for solar operation at the deployment location. The carrier is easily and quickly reloaded with another set of truss bays for repeated deployment of a series of strips of solar truss structures in a solar array. The solar array thus is constructed in substantially less time and with substantially less labor that conventional support racking in the filed using prior art piece-wise assembly operations.

A method to control a sunlight acquisition phase of a spacecraft with a nonzero angular momentum of an axis D.sub.H. The spacecraft includes a solar generator configured to rotate about an axis Y. The spacecraft actuators are controlled to place the spacecraft in an intermediate orientation in which the axis Y is substantially orthogonal to the axis D.sub.H. The solar generator is controlled to orientate the solar generator towards the sun. The spacecraft actuators are controlled to reduce the angular momentum of the spacecraft. The actuators of the spacecraft engine are controlled to place the spacecraft in an acquisition orientation in which the axis Y is substantially orthogonal to the direction of the sun with respect to the spacecraft.