Mycotoxin-deactivating aptamers, especially DNA aptamers, bind to mycotoxins in feed and feed ingredients resulting in the reduction or elimination of toxic and carcinogenic effects of mycotoxins. The invention also discloses a composition comprising a mycotoxin-deactivating aptamer, a binding agent, a biotransforming agent and an antioxidant for detoxifying mycotoxins in feeds. In addition, the invention teaches the methods of preparing the mycotoxin-deactivating aptamer-based composition and also the methods of using it as a feed additive. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the mycotoxin-deactivator/s alone, or in a composition comprising the aptamers and other mycotoxin-detoxifying agents, in feeds and feed ingredients for detoxifying the major mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and ochratoxin A.

Mycotoxin-deactivating aptamers, especially DNA aptamers, bind to mycotoxins in feed and feed ingredients resulting in the reduction or elimination of toxic and carcinogenic effects of mycotoxins. The invention also discloses a composition comprising a mycotoxin-deactivating aptamer, a binding agent, a biotransforming agent and an antioxidant for detoxifying mycotoxins in feeds. In addition, the invention teaches the methods of preparing the mycotoxin-deactivating aptamer-based composition and also the methods of using it as a feed additive. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the mycotoxin-deactivator/s alone, or in a composition comprising the aptamers and other mycotoxin-detoxifying agents, in feeds and feed ingredients for detoxifying the major mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and ochratoxin A.

The production of a powdered nutritional supplement for the addition to an animal feed may herein be described. The production may involve the steps of weighing one or more dry ingredients and wet ingredients, combining the dry ingredients separately, combining the wet ingredients separately, combining the wet ingredients with the dry ingredients, mixing the ingredients to form a fermentation substrate, then fermenting the fermentation substrate to form a fermented slurry, drying the fermented slurry to form a cake; and milling the cake to make the powdered nutritional supplement for the addition to an animal feeds.

The production of a powdered nutritional supplement for the addition to an animal feed may herein be described. The production may involve the steps of weighing one or more dry ingredients and wet ingredients, combining the dry ingredients separately, combining the wet ingredients separately, combining the wet ingredients with the dry ingredients, mixing the ingredients to form a fermentation substrate, then fermenting the fermentation substrate to form a fermented slurry, drying the fermented slurry to form a cake; and milling the cake to make the powdered nutritional supplement for the addition to an animal feeds.

Compositions containing at least one compound of Formula (I) are useful as carriers for at least one active ingredient.

##STR00001##

In Formula (I), R.sup.1 is a monovalent aliphatic radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is in each case independently a hydrogen radical or a methyl radical; n is a number from 1 to 300; and at least one R.sup.2 radical is a methyl radical. Methods can be used for storing the active ingredient in the carrier and active ingredient compositions contain both the carrier and the active ingredient. The active ingredient compositions can be used for the treatment of plants, seed, and soils; and can be used as a biostimulant, a probiotic food supplement, a probiotic animal feed additive, a plant protection product, or a probiotic medicament. The active ingredient compositions can be used in corresponding methods of treating plants, seed, or soils.

Compositions containing at least one compound of Formula (I) are useful as carriers for at least one active ingredient.

##STR00001##

In Formula (I), R.sup.1 is a monovalent aliphatic radical having 1 to 22 carbon atoms; R.sup.2 is in each case independently a hydrogen radical or a methyl radical; n is a number from 1 to 300; and at least one R.sup.2 radical is a methyl radical. Methods can be used for storing the active ingredient in the carrier and active ingredient compositions contain both the carrier and the active ingredient. The active ingredient compositions can be used for the treatment of plants, seed, and soils; and can be used as a biostimulant, a probiotic food supplement, a probiotic animal feed additive, a plant protection product, or a probiotic medicament. The active ingredient compositions can be used in corresponding methods of treating plants, seed, or soils.

The present disclosure is directed to genetically modified bacteria that produce a diffusible signal factor (DSF). The disclosure also provides methods for treating or preventing Salmonella infection/invasion in a subject. The disclosure further provides vectors and compositions for carrying out the methods disclosed herein.

The present disclosure is directed to genetically modified bacteria that produce a diffusible signal factor (DSF). The disclosure also provides methods for treating or preventing Salmonella infection/invasion in a subject. The disclosure further provides vectors and compositions for carrying out the methods disclosed herein.

Provided are compositions comprising at least one organism of a strain of the order Clostridiales and methods of use thereof for protecting against an infection, such as a viral, protozoal or fungal infection in an animal. Also provided are methods for improving hatchability of an egg under contaminated conditions by protecting against infection of an avian in ovo.

The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing killed lactic acid bacteria using a bioreactor including a culture device and a membrane filter, and to killed lactic acid bacteria prepared by the preparation method.