A method for flocculation of root or tuber juice is described having the advantage that dissolved protein remains unaffected and that clear potato juice with an OD620 below 0.8 is obtained. This is important for applications in which soluble protein is to be extracted from root or tuber juice, because it increases lifetime of the used equipment. The method involves a) use of a coagulant comprising a cationic coagulant and a flocculant comprising an anionic polyacrylamide with a specific viscosity of 4-6 mPa.Math.s and a charge density between 45 and 75%; or b) use of a coagulant comprising a polymeric silicate of formula SiO.sub.3.sup.2− and a flocculant comprising a cationic polyacrylamide with a specific viscosity of 3-5 mPa.Math.s and a charge density of at most 30%; or c) use of a coagulant comprising a cationic or neutral coagulant and a flocculant comprising carrageenan. The invention further provides valuable root- or tuber derived materials, such as the floc material, a potato lipid isolate or an amino acid material.

A method for flocculation of root or tuber juice is described having the advantage that dissolved protein remains unaffected and that clear potato juice with an OD620 below 0.8 is obtained. This is important for applications in which soluble protein is to be extracted from root or tuber juice, because it increases lifetime of the used equipment. The method involves a) use of a coagulant comprising a cationic coagulant and a flocculant comprising an anionic polyacrylamide with a specific viscosity of 4-6 mPa.Math.s and a charge density between 45 and 75%; or b) use of a coagulant comprising a polymeric silicate of formula SiO.sub.3.sup.2− and a flocculant comprising a cationic polyacrylamide with a specific viscosity of 3-5 mPa.Math.s and a charge density of at most 30%; or c) use of a coagulant comprising a cationic or neutral coagulant and a flocculant comprising carrageenan. The invention further provides valuable root- or tuber derived materials, such as the floc material, a potato lipid isolate or an amino acid material.

A method for manufacturing an edible dog chew includes the steps of: extruding a first edible mixture through a mold having an opening in a first direction to form a lengthened chew interior material; cutting the lengthened chew interior material into defined lengths to form at least one cut chew interior material; drying the cut chew interior material to form a chew interior; and coating the chew interior with a second edible mixture different from the first edible mixture. Further methods and pet chews are also provided.

A freeze-dried pet food meal bar that is 100% nutritionally complete consisting of more than 30% crude protein, 35% crude fat, less than 20% carbohydrate and less than 10% moisture. The product will consist primarily of animal protein. Vitamins and mineral will be supplied via fruits and vegetables. Since the product is freeze dried the product will be semi-fractural and can be broken into smaller pieces for feeding. Each bar will be approximately 5 to 6 inches long, 2 to 3 inches wide, approximately ½ inches thick and weigh 2 to 3 ounces. A single bar will be targeted to feed a 40 pound dog. Dogs below 40 pounds would feed less than one bar (ex. 20 pound dog gets ½ bar). Dogs above 40 pounds would feed more than one bar (ex. 80 pound dog gets 2 bars).

A freeze-dried pet food meal bar that is 100% nutritionally complete consisting of more than 30% crude protein, 35% crude fat, less than 20% carbohydrate and less than 10% moisture. The product will consist primarily of animal protein. Vitamins and mineral will be supplied via fruits and vegetables. Since the product is freeze dried the product will be semi-fractural and can be broken into smaller pieces for feeding. Each bar will be approximately 5 to 6 inches long, 2 to 3 inches wide, approximately ½ inches thick and weigh 2 to 3 ounces. A single bar will be targeted to feed a 40 pound dog. Dogs below 40 pounds would feed less than one bar (ex. 20 pound dog gets ½ bar). Dogs above 40 pounds would feed more than one bar (ex. 80 pound dog gets 2 bars).

An edible pet chew includes a first high-density material member (or high-density material portion) and a second cellular (low-density) material member (or portion). In one aspect of the present disclosure, an edible pet chew is provided including a high density tube member and a cellular (low-density) material member. In another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a high density sheet member and a cellular (low-density) material member. In another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a co-extruded plural-layered tube member being formed from a layer portion of high density tube material and a layer portion of cellular material. In yet another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a co-extruded “plural-layer-structured sheet” member being formed from a layer portion of high density sheet material and a layer portion of cellular material portion.

An edible pet chew includes a first high-density material member (or high-density material portion) and a second cellular (low-density) material member (or portion). In one aspect of the present disclosure, an edible pet chew is provided including a high density tube member and a cellular (low-density) material member. In another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a high density sheet member and a cellular (low-density) material member. In another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a co-extruded plural-layered tube member being formed from a layer portion of high density tube material and a layer portion of cellular material. In yet another aspect, an edible pet chew includes a co-extruded “plural-layer-structured sheet” member being formed from a layer portion of high density sheet material and a layer portion of cellular material portion.

Particles comprising a plant protein shell and encapsulating hydrophobic compounds and optionally also bioavailability enhancers, are provided. Further provided is a composition and a kit comprising the particle and methods of preparation thereof. Methods of use, such as for enhancing the bioavailability of the hydrophobic compound, are also provided.

Pet food compositions as well as method for alleviating pruritus, erythema, alopecia, or skin and ear secretion are disclosed herein. The pet food composition may comprise from about 1 to about 10 wt. % of quinoa; from about 1 to about 10 wt. % of amaranth; and from about 0.5 to about 8 wt. % of egg shell membrane, wherein all weight percentages are based on the total weight of the pet food composition on a dry matter basis.

The invention provides a method for isolating root or tuber native protein, which method comprises at least the process steps of

a) processing a root or tuber to obtain root or tuber processing water comprising root or tuber native protein;
b) isolating said root or tuber native protein from said root or tuber processing water to obtain an aqueous solution comprising at least 5 wt. % of root or tuber native protein,
characterized in that all process steps are performed at a temperature lower than 40° C. This method results in root or tuber native protein with decreased tendency to gel, which has advantages for the processing of liquid protein solutions.