A recirculation circuit for a processing vessel is configured to process a load with a process fluid. The recirculation circuit includes a first circuit portion configured to recirculate a first portion of the process fluid through the vessel. The first circuit portion includes a first pump having a first flow rate and a first output pressure and a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the first pump. A second circuit portion is configured to recirculate a second portion of the process fluid through the vessel. The second circuit portion includes a second pump having a second flow rate higher than the first flow rate and a second output pressure lower than the first output pressure.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

The treatment unit includes an evaporation device including a gas circulation pipe, and a material with a large specific surface filling an evaporation section of the circulation pipe; a device for circulating the gas through the circulation pipe; a liquid impregnating the material with a large specific surface, the liquid containing at least one product or a mixture of volatile biocide and/or phytoprotective products, with a boiling temperature between 130 and 280° C., the material with a large specific surface having a liquid retention capacity greater than 50 L/m.sup.3 of material with a large specific surface at 20° C.; a recharging device, arranged to re-impregnate the material with a large specific surface with liquid or to replace the spent material with a large specific surface with a new material with a large specific surface impregnated with liquid.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

Disclosed are antimicrobial releasing agents, methods of preparing the antimicrobial releasing agents, and entrained polymers containing antimicrobial releasing agents. The antimicrobial releasing agent is prepared with a carrier having a pH below 3.5. The carrier is optionally polysulfonic acid, phyllosilicate, or others as disclosed. The antimicrobial releasing agent further includes an active compound such as a metal chlorite, and a trigger. Optionally, the antimicrobial releasing agent may be compounded into entrained polymers that release ClO.sub.2 in gas form.

Disclosed are antimicrobial releasing agents, methods of preparing the antimicrobial releasing agents, and entrained polymers containing antimicrobial releasing agents. The antimicrobial releasing agent is prepared with a carrier having a pH below 3.5. The carrier is optionally polysulfonic acid, phyllosilicate, or others as disclosed. The antimicrobial releasing agent further includes an active compound such as a metal chlorite, and a trigger. Optionally, the antimicrobial releasing agent may be compounded into entrained polymers that release ClO.sub.2 in gas form.

A hybrid nitrogen gas generation system includes a membrane nitrogen gas generator and a pressure swing absorption nitrogen generator. A gas comprising nitrogen is purified to a first nitrogen purity using one of the membrane nitrogen gas generator and the pressure swing absorption nitrogen generator. The gas is either bypassed around the other of the membrane nitrogen gas generator and the pressure swing absorption nitrogen generator to provide the gas having the first nitrogen purity or the gas is purified to a second nitrogen purity using the other of the membrane nitrogen gas generator and the pressure swing absorption nitrogen generator.

A method for sanitizing pre-measured units of a pre-sanitized flowable food product in a sanitizing device installed into an existing food production system without substantially increasing the head height requirement of the feed production system. A plurality of containers are moved about a path with increased retention time through a plurality of stations: a receiving station, one or more sanitizing stations, and a dispensing station, and a container cleaning station. A pre-measured unit measured for packaging is received at the receiving station into a container. The pre-measured unit is exposed to one or more sanitizing agents at one or more sanitizing stations. The pre-measured unit is immediately packaged after sanitization. The pre-measured unit is dispensed into a packaging device at the dispensing station. The containers are then cleaned at the container cleaning station to prepare each container to receive a subsequent pre-measured unit of the pre-sanitized flowable feed product.