The invention relates to an apparatus for tempering an organic product in an enclosed structure using a liquid maintained at a predefined temperature. The apparatus is used for introducing the organic product through at least one access means of the enclosed structure into the liquid, circulating the liquid from the enclosed structure through a heating unit and back into the enclosed structure to increase a temperature of the liquid up to a predefined temperature, and supplying a gaseous substance into the enclosed structure for a predefined time period based on a temperature of the liquid in the enclosed structure. The organic product is removed through the access means of the enclosed structure when a core temperature of the organic product reaches the predefined temperature.

The invention relates to an apparatus for tempering an organic product in an enclosed structure using a liquid maintained at a predefined temperature. The apparatus is used for introducing the organic product through at least one access means of the enclosed structure into the liquid, circulating the liquid from the enclosed structure through a heating unit and back into the enclosed structure to increase a temperature of the liquid up to a predefined temperature, and supplying a gaseous substance into the enclosed structure for a predefined time period based on a temperature of the liquid in the enclosed structure. The organic product is removed through the access means of the enclosed structure when a core temperature of the organic product reaches the predefined temperature.

The present invention relates to a food product which food product is frozen and thawed before consumption as well as to methods for preparing such a food product. The invention further describes production of an ice structuring protein (ISP) in high amounts.

Disclosed are: an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a tyrosine peptide represented by Formula (1):

(X).sub.p-[Tyr].sub.n-(Y).sub.q (1)

wherein X and Y are identical or different, and each represents an amino acid residue, n represents an integer of 2 to 6, p represents an integer of 0 to 4, and q represents an integer of 0 to 4, with the proviso that p+q does not exceed 4, wherein when p represents an integer of 2 to 4, two to four amino acid residues represented by (X).sub.p may be identical or different, and when q represents an integer of 2 to 4, two to four amino acid residues represented by (Y).sub.q may be identical or different, or an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a complex composed of one or more of the tyrosine peptides and a polymer, wherein the one or more of the tyrosine peptides are bonded to the polymer; an antifreeze liquid comprising the anti-ice nucleation activator and water; a coating solution for preventing frost damage comprising the complex; a method for improving the anti-ice nucleation activity of a biological material, the method comprising the step of bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material; and a method for preserving a biological material, the method comprising the step of bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material.

Disclosed are: an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a tyrosine peptide represented by Formula (1):

(X).sub.p-[Tyr].sub.n-(Y).sub.q (1)

wherein X and Y are identical or different, and each represents an amino acid residue, n represents an integer of 2 to 6, p represents an integer of 0 to 4, and q represents an integer of 0 to 4, with the proviso that p+q does not exceed 4, wherein when p represents an integer of 2 to 4, two to four amino acid residues represented by (X).sub.p may be identical or different, and when q represents an integer of 2 to 4, two to four amino acid residues represented by (Y).sub.q may be identical or different, or an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a complex composed of one or more of the tyrosine peptides and a polymer, wherein the one or more of the tyrosine peptides are bonded to the polymer; an antifreeze liquid comprising the anti-ice nucleation activator and water; a coating solution for preventing frost damage comprising the complex; a method for improving the anti-ice nucleation activity of a biological material, the method comprising the step of bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material; and a method for preserving a biological material, the method comprising the step of bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material.

The present invention provides peptoid polymers capable of reducing or inhibiting the formation of ice crystals at sub 0? C. temperatures. Also provided are peptoid-peptide hybrids comprising the peptoid polymers provided herein. The peptoid polymers and peptoid-peptide hybrids provided herein are useful for making cryoprotectant solutions. The peptoid polymers, peptoid-peptide hybrids, and cryoprotectant solutions provided herein are useful for making antifreeze solutions, frozen food products, and cosmetic care products. Also provided herein are methods for preserving a tissue, an organ, a cell, or a biological macromolecule using the compositions described herein.

Disclosed are an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a purine base or a purine base-containing polymer, and an antifreeze liquid comprising the anti-ice nucleation activator and water; a method for improving the anti-ice nucleation activity of a biological material, the method comprising bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with the biological material; and a method for preserving a biological material, the method comprising bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material.

Disclosed are an anti-ice nucleation activator comprising a purine base or a purine base-containing polymer, and an antifreeze liquid comprising the anti-ice nucleation activator and water; a method for improving the anti-ice nucleation activity of a biological material, the method comprising bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with the biological material; and a method for preserving a biological material, the method comprising bringing the anti-ice nucleation activator into contact with a biological material.

The present invention provides peptoid polymers capable of reducing or inhibiting the formation of ice crystals at sub 0 C. temperatures. Also provided are peptoid-peptide hybrids comprising the peptoid polymers provided herein. The peptoid polymers and peptoid-peptide hybrids provided herein are useful for making cryoprotectant solutions. The peptoid polymers, peptoid-peptide hybrids, and cryoprotectant solutions provided herein are useful for making antifreeze solutions, frozen food products, and cosmetic care products. Also provided herein are methods for preserving a tissue, an organ, a cell, or a biological macromolecule using the compositions described herein.

The present invention provides peptoid polymers capable of reducing or inhibiting the formation of ice crystals at sub 0 C. temperatures. Also provided are peptoid-peptide hybrids comprising the peptoid polymers provided herein. The peptoid polymers and peptoid-peptide hybrids provided herein are useful for making cryoprotectant solutions. The peptoid polymers, peptoid-peptide hybrids, and cryoprotectant solutions provided herein are useful for making antifreeze solutions, frozen food products, and cosmetic care products. Also provided herein are methods for preserving a tissue, an organ, a cell, or a biological macromolecule using the compositions described herein.