Food for human consumption is smoked by providing smoke, removing one or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the smoke and contacting the food with the treated smoke, or smoking the food and then removing the PAHs from the smoked food. PAH removal is selective, to remove the PAHs that contain 4 or more benzene rings, in particular without significantly changing the volatile profile of the smoked food. A selective filter is provided, as is apparatus comprising a smoke generator, a chamber in which to smoke food, and the selective filter, disposed between the smoke generator and the chamber.

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for smoking food such as meats, under pressure. In many examples, the source of pressure, and some heat, will be an internal combustion engine; with the exhaust from the engine communicated to a pressure chamber in which the meat or other food is placed. A separate heat source will be associated with the pressure chamber to provide increased temperatures within the pressure chamber. In some examples, the heat source can be a gas flame source, such as either propane or liquid natural gas.

A compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein, R.sub.1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group; and R.sub.2 is a 1-pyrrolyl group, a 2-pyrrolyl group, or a 3-pyrrolyl group. The present invention can provide a means highly effective in contributing to savory roasting flavor and capable of imparting fragrance with natural feeling.

A compound represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001## wherein, R.sub.1 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyl group; and R.sub.2 is a 1-pyrrolyl group, a 2-pyrrolyl group, or a 3-pyrrolyl group. The present invention can provide a means highly effective in contributing to savory roasting flavor and capable of imparting fragrance with natural feeling.

A modular smoker includes a base portion having a through bore extending from a first end of the base portion to a second end of the base portion, wherein the through bore is configured to define a shelf between the first end and the second end, a top portion configured to be removably coupled with the base portion, wherein the top portion has a through bore extending from a first end of the top portion to an opposite second end of the top portion in a first direction, and a screen configured to be held on the shelf of the through bore between the first end and the second end of the base portion. The through bore of the base portion is configured to define a chamber for receiving a combustible material on the screen between the first end and the second end of the base portion, the through bore of the base portion is configured to permit a flow of smoke from the combustible material out the through bore of the base portion at the second end of the base portion, and the second end of the body member is configured to rest on a rim of a container to block the flow of air from the container where a surface of the second end of the body member contacts the rim.

A modular smoker includes a base portion having a through bore extending from a first end of the base portion to a second end of the base portion, wherein the through bore is configured to define a shelf between the first end and the second end, a top portion configured to be removably coupled with the base portion, wherein the top portion has a through bore extending from a first end of the top portion to an opposite second end of the top portion in a first direction, and a screen configured to be held on the shelf of the through bore between the first end and the second end of the base portion. The through bore of the base portion is configured to define a chamber for receiving a combustible material on the screen between the first end and the second end of the base portion, the through bore of the base portion is configured to permit a flow of smoke from the combustible material out the through bore of the base portion at the second end of the base portion, and the second end of the body member is configured to rest on a rim of a container to block the flow of air from the container where a surface of the second end of the body member contacts the rim.

A smoke generation pod for use in a smoke generation system includes an enclosure that has there within a material such as wood that is heated or ignited by an igniter or arc housed within the smoke generation pod. The smoke generation pod has an input vent for accepting air and an output vent for distributing smoke. The smoke is routed to an object such as a glass (with or without a liquid there within) for infusing the smoke into the liquid or onto the object. In some embodiments, the output vent has a filter and, some such filters also remove some or all carcinogens from the smoke that is emitted.

A smoke generation pod for use in a smoke generation system includes an enclosure that has there within a material such as wood that is heated or ignited by an igniter or arc housed within the smoke generation pod. The smoke generation pod has an input vent for accepting air and an output vent for distributing smoke. The smoke is routed to an object such as a glass (with or without a liquid there within) for infusing the smoke into the liquid or onto the object. In some embodiments, the output vent has a filter and, some such filters also remove some or all carcinogens from the smoke that is emitted.

Liquid smoke reaction products are prepared according to a process wherein a liquid smoke composition and an amino acid are combined to form a reaction solution that is subsequently heated. The resultant liquid smoke reaction products exhibit unique flavor, color, and aroma profiles, as well as excellent properties, such as improved adhesion to protein-based products. Methods for preparing the liquid smoke reaction products, the resultant liquid smoke reaction products, as well as applications of the liquid smoke reaction products in food and beverage products are disclosed.

Liquid smoke reaction products are prepared according to a process wherein a liquid smoke composition and an amino acid are combined to form a reaction solution that is subsequently heated. The resultant liquid smoke reaction products exhibit unique flavor, color, and aroma profiles, as well as excellent properties, such as improved adhesion to protein-based products. Methods for preparing the liquid smoke reaction products, the resultant liquid smoke reaction products, as well as applications of the liquid smoke reaction products in food and beverage products are disclosed.