Methods for characterizing host-cell proteins in a sample matrix are provided.

The invention provides for the removal of a large fraction of contaminants from protein preparations while maintaining a high level of recovery using tentacle anion exchange matrix chromatography medium. Using the methods of the invention, leached affinity chromatography contaminants can be removed from recombinant protein preparations.

The present invention provides a new chemical process, a new cassette configuration, and new software for the automated production of multiple batches of an [.sup.18F]-labelled compound on a single cassette. The invention allows one synthesizer in one hot cell to produce sequentially a plurality of batches of [.sup.18F]-labelled PET tracer in the same day. In particular, the present invention provides a novel arrangement useful for purifying two consecutive batches of a reaction mixture comprising an .sup.18F-labelled compound.

The invention related to a method for purifying a first fatty acid, preferably polyunsaturated, using an initial mixture further comprising at least one second fatty acid, optionally a third fatty acid and optionally a fourth fatty acid, with the method comprising: a first step of chromatographic separation in liquid phase, using the initial mixture, carried out in a first unit for chromatographic separation, making it possible to recover on the one hand a first flow enriched with a first fatty acid and on the other hand a flow enriched with a second fatty acid, optionally, a second step of chromatographic separation in liquid phase, using the first flow enriched with a first fatty acid, carried out in a second chromatographic separation unit, making it possible to recover on the one hand a second flow enriched with a first fatty acid and on the other hand a flow enriched with a third fatty acid; optionally, a third step of chromatographic separation in liquid phase, using the third flow enriched with a first fatty acid, carried out in a third chromatographic separation unit, making it possible to recover on the one hand a third flow enriched with a first fatty acid and on the other hand a flow enriched with a fourth fatty acid; at least one among the first unit for chromatographic separation, the second unit for chromatographic separation and the third unit for chromatographic separation being a static bed chromatographic separation unit with a single column with recycling in stationary state.

The invention relates to a method for purifying a first fatty acid, in particular a first polyunsaturated fatty acid, using an initial mixture further comprising at least one second fatty acid and a third fatty acid, with the method comprising at least: a first step of chromatographic separation in liquid phase, using the initial mixture, making it possible to recover on the one hand a first flow enriched with a first fatty acid and on the other hand a flow enriched with a second fatty acid; a second step of chromatographic separation in liquid phase, using the first flow enriched with a first fatty acid, making it possible to recover on the one hand a second flow enriched with a first fatty acid and on the other hand a flow enriched with a third fatty acid, with the second step of chromatographic separation being carried out in a static bed chromatographic separation unit.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide improved buffered vinegar products having substantially reduced color, odor, and flavor, and methods to produce the same. The methods include combining a buffered vinegar product with an activated carbon in a batch or continuous process. The methods can be configured to maintain a total acetate content of the buffered vinegar product.

A dispersed mobile-phase countercurrent chromatography system is described in which solutes are carried by a stream of dispersed mobile phase solvent through a column, or array of serially-connected columns, of stationary phase solvent with which the mobile phase solvent is immiscible. Solutes carried along by the stream of dispersed mobile-phase solvent will be equilibrated between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent. Because the mobile-phase is dispersed into mini-droplets much smaller in diameter than the column of stationary phase, the enhanced surface/volume ratio of the droplets expedites countercurrent equilibration of different solutes between the mobile-phase solvent and the stationary-phase solvent in accordance with the distribution-coefficients of the solutes between the two solvents. As a result, a solute with a distribution coefficient that favors its dissolving in the stationary phase will be retarded in its migration through the columns compared to a solute with a distribution coefficient that favors its dissolving in the mobile phase. The different migration rates of different solutes bring about their chromatographic separation on the columns, effectively combining the advantages of countercurrent distribution (e.g., elimination of any solid chromatographic matrix, and therefore losses of solutes due to adsorption to the solid matrix and contamination of separated solutes by impurities leached from the solid matrix) and liquid column chromatography (e.g., continuous mode of operation, and scalable from analytical to large industrial separations without any centrifugal or discontinuous mechanical steps).

A method of recovering lithium from an aqueous source is described. Lithium is extracted from the aqueous source using a sorption/desorption process to form a lithium extract. Impurities are removed from the lithium extract to form a purified lithium extract, and the purified lithium extract is concentrated using a water removal process to form a lithium concentrate. The lithium concentrate is then converted to one or more of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide to form a converted stream. Various streams, including some lithium-containing streams, are recycled to the sorption/desorption process.

Provided is a method for control and/or monitoring and/or optimization of a chromatographic process, in which the method comprises at least 2 columns which are operated, alternatingly, wherein this operation can be carried out in that the at least 2 columns are operated in interconnected and disconnected states, wherein the columns switch positions after such a sequence of interconnected and disconnected state, and wherein downstream of at least one, or of each column, a detector is located capable of detecting the desired product and/or impurities when passing the detector.

High resolution affinity chromatography combining affinity resolving and affinity capture processes using a single chromatography matrix results in improved resolution between closely related molecular species and significantly enhances overall product yield for large scale commercial production of heterodimeric proteins such as bispecific antibodies. Moreover, tankage and equipment requirements are reduced via the ability to reduce salt concentration, while increasing product purity and concentration, without the need for dilution, ultrafiltration or diafiltration.