Aspects of the present disclosure provide various apparatus and methods. In some embodiments, an apparatus is provided for mixing a gas with a liquid. The apparatus may include a pipe having two ends. The pipe may provide a main fluid path and may have an interior surface having a first groove. The apparatus may also include a helical vane disposed inside the pipe. The vane may have a first projecting tongue that engages the first groove. The apparatus may also include a gas injection port on the pipe adapted to inject gas into the fluid path upstream of the helical vane. In some embodiments, the helical vane may be a 3D printed component.

A portable carbonating dispenser utilizes an onboard supply of carbonation gas and a carbonation control module for permitting a user to carbonate base liquid stored in an onboard base liquid container. The carbonation control module may include a user actuated button for selectively activating the carbonation. The base liquid container may include an extended portion for increasing the exposure of base liquid to carbonation gas. A vertical viewing window enables a user to view carbonation and the level of base liquid in the container. An isolation component may be useful to isolate an additive cartridge from carbonation pressure during carbonation in applications where the dispenser utilizes additive cartridges. Safety venting and locking features may be provided on the mode selector to prevent a user from accidentally pressurizing the cartridge space. A refill station may be provided to refill the portable carbonating dispenser.

A carbonation machine that includes a receiving device for receiving a bottle, the receiving device has a fastening device which has an iris device, which has an opening configured to have a variable size, the receiving device is transferable from a bottle-receiving state, which is configured for receiving the bottle, into an attachment state, in which the bottle is attached to the receiving device, and as the receiving device is transferred from the bottle-receiving state into the attachment state, a size of the opening of the iris device decreases, and in the bottle-receiving state, the bottle is arranged in a non-vertical receiving position on the receiving device; and in the attachment state, the bottle is arranged in a preparation position, and as the receiving device is transferred from the bottle-receiving state into the attachment state, the bottle is tilted from the non-vertical receiving position into the preparation position.

A slurry manufacturing apparatus includes a rotation-revolution mixing device which mixes and prepares a slurry by rotational movement and revolving movement and a gas injection mechanism which dissolves carbonic acid gas in the slurry prepared by the rotation-revolution mixing device, in which the gas injection mechanism dissolves the carbonic acid gas in the slurry by injecting the carbonic acid gas under pressure in a sealed state.

The present disclosure relates to a container for the production of a foamed sclerosant composition, to kits and systems including such a container, to methods for preparing a foamed sclerosant composition using such containers, and to foamed sclerosant compositions obtainable by such methods. In an aspect, the container comprises a sealed sterile container body having one or more sidewalls extending between a top and a bottom of the container body and defining a foaming space. The container further comprises a mixing element disposed in the container body. The container contains a previously introduced gas and liquid sclerosant composition. The mixing element is configured to be operatively coupled with a rotatable actuator without the actuator reaching the foaming space. A medical professional may select the appropriate quantity and concentration for every treatment.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide various apparatus and methods. In some embodiments, an apparatus is provided for mixing a gas with a liquid. The apparatus may include a pipe having two ends. The pipe may provide a main fluid path and may have an interior surface having a first groove. The apparatus may also include a helical vane disposed inside the pipe. The vane may have a first projecting tongue that engages the first groove. The apparatus may also include a gas injection port on the pipe adapted to inject gas into the fluid path upstream of the helical vane. In some embodiments, the helical vane may be a 3D printed component.

A slurry manufacturing apparatus includes a rotation-revolution mixing device which mixes and prepares a slurry by rotational movement and revolving movement and a gas injection mechanism which dissolves carbonic acid gas in the slurry prepared by the rotation-revolution mixing device, in which the gas injection mechanism dissolves the carbonic acid gas in the slurry by injecting the carbonic acid gas under pressure in a sealed state.

An apparatus configured to result in a penetration of one or more gasses into a dermis of biological skin, wherein the apparatus includes a fluid reservoir configured to contain an amount of a liquid in contact with a portion of a person's skin, and a nanobubble generator configured to inject nanobubbles into the liquid, wherein the nanobubbles contain the one or more gasses. The contact of the liquid containing the nanobubbles with the person's skin results in a cutaneous uptake of a gas contained in the nanobubbies into the person's skin, which may be beneficial in treating an ailment, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

A portable carbonating dispenser utilizes an onboard supply of carbonation gas and a carbonation control module for permitting a user to carbonate base liquid stored in an onboard base liquid container. The carbonation control module may include a user actuated button for selectively activating the carbonation. The base liquid container may include an extended portion for increasing the exposure of base liquid to carbonation gas. A vertical viewing window enables a user to view carbonation and the level of base liquid in the container. An isolation component may be useful to isolate an additive cartridge from carbonation pressure during carbonation in applications where the dispenser utilizes additive cartridges. Safety venting and locking features may be provided on the mode selector to prevent a user from accidentally pressurizing the cartridge space. A refill station may be provided to refill the portable carbonating dispenser.

Disclosed herein are a refrigerator and a control method of the same. The refrigerator includes a purified water pump which increases a pressure of water, a carbon dioxide regulator which decreases a pressure of carbon dioxide, a mixing pipe which mixes water which introduced from the purified water pump and carbon dioxide which introduced from the carbon dioxide regulator, and produces carbonated water, a user interface which receives a production condition of carbonated water from a user, and a controller which controls the purified water pump and the carbon dioxide regulator such that the pressure of the water and the pressure of the carbon dioxide reach a target pressure corresponding to the input production condition.