Ultrafine bubbles with a diameter of less than 1.0 μm are generated in liquid by causing film boiling in liquid by means of a heater.

An integrated device including a vessel, a gas reservoir, a pressure regulation device, a primary filter, and a tap assembly. The vessel is configured to contain a beverage. The gas reservoir is configured to supply pressurized gas within the vessel. The pressure regulation device is configured to maintain an infusing pressure within the vessel and also a dispensing pressure within the vessel. The primary filter is configured to hold solid brewing media, to fit inside the vessel, and to be removable from the vessel. The tap assembly is configured to dispense the beverage from the vessel. Methods are also disclosed.

Systems and methods for delivering a gas, such as nitric oxide, are provided. In some embodiments, systems and methods are provided for delivering a gas, such as nitric oxide, in the form of nanobubbles and/or a dissolved gas using a liquid medium.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for modification of a food product such as a foam topping that can be used to modify a beverage or food product. In particular, described herein are methods for modifying a beverage or food product by applying to and draining, dissolving, and/or dispersing a portion of a foam food product in the beverage or food product. In addition, methods for modifying the texture of a foam food product are disclosed herein. Also described are compositions comprising gas mixtures for modifying the texture of a foam food product and a beverage or food product.

A low acid beverage product such as e.g. coffee, cold brew coffee or nitro cold brew coffee product that is shelf stable for 180 days at refrigerated conditions including a sealed container having a liquid portion and a headspace. The liquid portion has the beverage with oxygen dissolved therein. A method of manufacturing the beverage includes dissolving oxygen and into a cold beverage and packaging the liquid beverage product with oxygen dissolved therein into a sealed container. The liquid beverage product also includes flavorings or sweeteners or milk products in the sealed container and remains free from Clostridium botulinum (C. bot).

In a method for dispensing a beverage in which a gas from a gas pressure vessel in which the gas is stored under pressure is mixed with the beverage, it is provided that the beverage is transported out of the storage container (2) by a pump (3) and that the pressure of the gas is lowered to less than 0.5 bar, more preferably less than 100 mbar, above ambient pressure and is fed to the aspirated beverage on the suction side of the pump (3).

A chemical liquid preparation method of preparing a chemical liquid for treating a film formed on a substrate, including a gas dissolving process in which an oxygen-containing gas and an inert-gas-containing gas are dissolved in the chemical liquid by supplying the oxygen-containing gas which contains oxygen gas and the inert-gas-containing gas which contains an inert gas to a chemical liquid, wherein in the gas dissolving process, a dissolved oxygen concentration in the chemical liquid is adjusted by setting a mixing ratio between the oxygen-containing gas and the inert-gas-containing gas supplied to the chemical liquid as a mixing ratio corresponding to a predetermined target dissolved oxygen concentration.

A system features a controller having a signal processor configured to: receive signaling containing information about a liquid level of a gas infused liquid in a liquid/gas infusion tank/vessel, one or more gas input characteristics of a gas provided to the liquid/gas infusion tank/vessel, and one or more liquid input characteristics of an incoming non-infused liquid provided to the liquid/gas infusion tank/vessel; and determine corresponding signaling containing information to control a pump that provides the incoming non-infused liquid to the infusion tank/vessel on demand each time a beverage is dispensed with the gas infused liquid from the liquid/gas infusion tank/vessel and to maintain a desired liquid level and target equilibrium gas pressure in the liquid/gas infusion tank/vessel at a given temperature.

The present invention provides a method for the manufacture of a carbonated beverage, including the steps of: providing oxygen-reduced water; mixing the oxygen-reduced water with a mixing component to obtain a beverage mixture, adding a gas comprising CO.sub.2 to the beverage mixture to obtain a beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2, reducing the oxygen content of the beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2 in a first container to obtain an oxygen-reduced beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2, discharging the oxygen-reduced beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2 from the first container, determining the CO.sub.2 content of the oxygen-reduced beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2; and adding further CO.sub.2 to the discharged oxygen-reduced beverage mixture mixed with CO.sub.2 on the basis of the determined CO.sub.2 content to obtain a finally carbonated beverage.

Disclosed herein are techniques and methods for dispersing a volume of gas in a beverage contained in an unpressurized container.