A sanitizer system has an ultraviolet (UV) lamp, a UV transparent tube and Venturis that that draw ozonated air from near the UV lamp and mix the ozonated air with water traveling through the UV transparent tube while UV light breaks down ozone in the UV transparent tube into free radicals and other ozone decomposition products. Additional ozone can be introduced into what after it passes through the UV transparent tube.

A fluid mixing apparatus includes mixing conduits that extend through a fluid plenum and that define injection holes therethrough. The fluid plenum, which surrounds a first wall defining a main passage fluidly coupled to a low-pressure fluid source, is surrounded itself by a second wall defining a high-pressure plenum fluidly coupled to a high-pressure fluid source. The mixing conduits fluidly couple the high-pressure plenum to the main passage, and the fluid from the fluid plenum is delivered with the high-pressure fluid to the main passage, where the fluids mix before being discharged from an outlet of the main passage. The fluid mixing apparatus may be used to mix one or more fuels with high- and low-pressure air in a gas turbine combustor. Alternately, the fluid mixing apparatus may mix a fluid with high- and low-pressure water streams.

There is provided an inline saturator system and method for gas exchange with an aqueous-phase liquid. The system comprises a pressure vessel, configured to receive a first liquid and a first gas from external sources and to discharge a second liquid and a second gas from the pressure vessel, and a gas infusion device situated within the pressure vessel. The gas infusion device is configured to receive the first liquid and first gas, to facilitate gas exchange therebetween, producing the second liquid and the second gas, and to discharge the second liquid and second gas into the pressure vessel. The system further includes a recirculation system configured to direct a portion of liquid within the pressure vessel back into the saturator device, where injection of the redirected liquid into the gas infusion device forces the first liquid into the gas infusion device for the gas exchange.

A pressure washer includes a pump for pressurizing a primary fluid flow, the pump including a pump inlet for receiving fluid from a common fluid source and a pump outlet for supplying a pressurized primary fluid and a jet pump including a primary fluid inlet fluidly coupled to the pump outlet, a secondary fluid inlet configured to receive fluid from the common fluid source, and a fluid outlet. In a high pressure operating mode, all of the pressurized primary fluid flows through the jet pump and exits through the fluid outlet of the jet pump. In a high flow operating mode, all the pressurized primary fluid flows through the jet pump and entrains a secondary fluid supplied through the secondary fluid inlet from the common fluid source so that the secondary fluid also flows through the jet pump, resulting in a combined fluid flow of the primary fluid and the secondary fluid that exits through the fluid outlet of the jet pump.

A gas dissolving system using double mixers to generate a higher gas concentration in liquid is disclosed. The gas dissolving system includes two gas mixers, a degassing device, pressure valves, a pressure sensor, and a pump. Liquid flows through mixers to entrain gas therein, and it thus contains dissolved gas and undissolved gas. The liquid subsequently flows into the degassing device so that undissolved gas is released to the outside environment, and dissolved gas remains in the liquid. The liquid with dissolved gas combines with raw liquid and is diluted so that it becomes liquid with a desired gas concentration as the output. A high gas concentration of liquid is obtained after more cycles of fluid flow through the mixers to dissolve gas without combining raw liquid.

A system and method for delivering a treatment fluid to a wellbore by emulsifying the treatment fluid with a continuous fluid in a flowline. The treatment and continuous fluids are combined in a mixer that is separate from containers that retain the fluids. In an example where the mixer is a venturi, the continuous fluid flows into an inlet on an entrance end of the venturi, and the treatment fluid flows into an inlet that is at a flow restriction in the venturi. The continuous fluid experiences a localized decrease in pressure at the restriction, which is due to a localized increase in flow rate at the restriction. The pressure decrease induces the treatment fluid into the venturi, where the treatment fluid is dispersed into droplets within the continuous fluid, and that forms a treatment emulsion. The treatment fluid escapes from within the treatment emulsion when in the wellbore.

A gas dissolving system using double mixers to generate a higher gas concentration in liquid is disclosed. The gas dissolving system includes two gas mixers, a degassing device, pressure valves, a pressure sensor, and a pump. Liquid flows through mixers to entrain gas therein, and it thus contains dissolved gas and undissolved gas. The liquid subsequently flows into the degassing device so that undissolved gas is released to the outside environment, and dissolved gas remains in the liquid. The liquid with dissolved gas combines with raw liquid and is diluted so that it becomes liquid with a desired gas concentration as the output. A high gas concentration of liquid is obtained after more cycles of fluid flow through the mixers to dissolve gas without combining raw liquid.

Liquid treatment apparatus comprises at least two chambers being first and second chambers through which a fluid can flow. The two chambers are separated by at least one choke nozzle which has an entrance in the first chamber and an exit in the second chamber. The choke nozzle comprises a converging section at its entrance, a throat section, a backward-facing step immediately after the throat section, and an exit section at its exit wherein the exit section diverges from the step. Similarly constructed mixing nozzles may be included in the apparatus. The apparatus is especially useful in processes requiring a gas to be entrained in a fluid so that the gas is in the form of very small bubbles that do not tend to coalesce and flash off such as in the dissolution of gold and other precious metals from ore and in the removal of arsenic from an ore.

A system and method for delivering a treatment fluid to a wellbore by emulsifying the treatment fluid with a continuous fluid in a flowline. The treatment and continuous fluids are combined in a mixer that is separate from containers that retain the fluids. In an example where the mixer is a venturi, the continuous fluid flows into an inlet on an entrance end of the venturi, and the treatment fluid flows into an inlet that is at a flow restriction in the venturi. The continuous fluid experiences a localized decrease in pressure at the restriction, which is due to a localized increase in flow rate at the restriction. The pressure decrease induces the treatment fluid into the venturi, where the treatment fluid is dispersed into droplets within the continuous fluid, and that forms a treatment emulsion. The treatment fluid escapes from within the treatment emulsion when in the wellbore.

Liquid treatment apparatus comprises at least two chambers being first and second chambers through which a fluid can flow. The two chambers are separated by at least one choke nozzle which has an entrance in the first chamber and an exit in the second chamber. The choke nozzle (1) comprises a converging section at its entrance (3), a throat section (4), a backward-facing step (5) immediately after the throat section (4), and an exit section at its exit (6) wherein the exit section (6) diverges from the step (5). Similarly constructed mixing nozzles (1) may be included in the apparatus. The apparatus is especially useful in processes requiring a gas to be entrained in a fluid so that the gas is in the form of very small bubbles that do not tend to coalesce and flash off such as in the dissolution of gold and other precious metals from ore in the removal of arsenic from an ore.